Training on Ancient Philosophy (up to Plato), studying the question of the origins of philosophy and the major authors and texts of this period. Discuss the relevance of the arguments, concepts and philosophical theories of Ancient Philosophy in the period considered.

Students should: (i) master the terminology of contemporary epistemology, (ii) discuss concepts of mind and knowledge, (iii) characterize epistemological questions and analyse their relation with metaphysical issues and issues in the theory of mind and language, (iv) discuss theories of epistemic justification, (v) discuss the relations between the theory of knowledge and cognitive science.

Understand the problem of philosophical research in the political and social fields. Analysis and interpretation of texts by philosophers under study. Recognise the importance and timeliness of the topics considered.

a) Identify and critically explore different theories of philosophy of education

b) Advance understanding and questioning the relationship between Philosophy and Education, in the recognition of education as a philosophical question.

c) Provide a critical reflection on different theoretical frameworks and conceptual relations in this area of ​​knowledge, while promoting a question on philosophy itself

Within the wider context of Portuguese history and culture, the course provides an introductory view of philosophical thought in Portugal, and its link with our culture and history.

The aim of this subject is to encourage students to develop skills in reasoning (deductive, essentially) and master some of the key concepts of logic in order to apply them (1) in the analysis of philosophical theses based on arguments, and (2) in understanding some philosophical positions for which the results of logical research are considered important (or, alternatively, irrelevant).

To acquire an introductory and basical preparation in Ancient Philosophy (concerning the period indicated in the program). To analize representative source texts referred to fundamental ancient philosophers and schools of philosophy. To acquire tools permitting the articulation of the knowledge on ancient philosophy with that of other periods in the history of philosophy. To show the importance to contemporary philosophy of ancient philosophy problems, concepts and arguments, as well as of its texts, urging reflection on them.

The discipline of Philosophy of Knowledge II aims at applying basic knowledge of epistemology acquired in the discipline of Philosophy of Knowledge I. The topics chosen for this course are rationality and perception. Both topics will be approached through a close reading of classic and contemporary texts.

Understand the problem of philosophical research in the political and social fields. Analysis and interpretation of texts by philosophers under study. Recognise the importance and timeliness of the topics considered.

This course provides the tools for a better understanding of the history of science. Through knowledge of the subject and content of the main scientific fields, the student may explore in depth the role of science and its relation to philosophy.
The student will acquire knowledge to help you understand the features of the evolution of science, processes of reasoning, discovery and proof in scientific fields studied.
The UC is taught by professors of the Faculty of Sciences and Humanities suitable for students wishing to meet rigorously the history of science.

The aim of this subject is to encourage students to develop skills in deductive reasoning and master the formal methods of modern logic in order to apply them (1) in the analysis of philosophical theses based on arguments, and (2) in understanding some philosophical positions for which the results of logical investigations are considered important (or, alternatively, irrelevant).

1. To identify the most relevant moments of the discussion of PA as a philosophical subject.2. To understand the specificity and the transversality of anthropological issues.3. To address different conceptualizations of man.4. Provide an acquisition of reflexive competencies in the domain of anthropological problematization.

To promote some of the most important texts produced in the field of Aesthetics. Provide students with issues, concepts and conceptual relations to understand and interpret artistic and aesthetic objects. Motivate and develop in students an appreciation and sensibility for artistic objects, especially those produced in current times. Encourage the students’ visual and conceptual imagination.

1. To acquire an introductory preparation in Philosophy of Sciences. 2. To analise historical and contemporary texts concerning Philosophy of Sciences. 3. To understand the historical genesis of Philosophy of Sciences as a branch of Philosophy. 4. To study specifical themes and problems of Philosophy of Sciences.

The long period known as the Middle Ages and the negative characteristics commonly associated to it requires a critical approach, both distant and internal, to the philosophy of authors who lived between the fall of the “two” Roman empires, the Western one in 476 and the Eastern one in 1453, a period conventionally known as the “Middle Ages”. There are historical and cultural elements that are indispensable for understanding the problems and dynamics of philosophy during this millennium. The characterisation of literary forms, terminology, methods, schools and “interests” of Philosophy during the Middle Ages, as well as the periodisation of the successive “translations” and “renaissances” of thought during this period, allow students to understand how and why philosophy was made during the Middle Ages (§§ 1-2). More than merely presenting a historical succession of authors and school, emphasis will be placed on the study of problems, arguments and ideas, through readings of a set of selected texts (cf. § 3).

General objective:Following on from PA I and considering that the logos of Philosophical Anthropology can only be understood close to human conditions , the objective of this subject will be to reflect philosophically upon some of the great contemporary anthropological questions. Specific objectives: -To develop a critical vision of the human condition -To understand the human being and the new challenges of the contemporary world. -To provide for the acquisition of reflexive competencies in the domain of anthropological issues -To promote research on the themes, problems and authors discussed.

To promote some of the most important texts produced in the field of Aesthetics. Provide students with issues, concepts and conceptual relations to understand and interpret artistic and aesthetic objects. Motivate and develop in students an appreciation and sensibility for artistic objects, especially those produced in current times. Encourage the students’ visual and conceptual imagination.

1. To be conversant with  basic themes and notions of contemporary philosophy of sciences.
2. To acquire knowledge concerning classical texts of contemporary philosophy of sciences on specific fields.
3. To be able to discuss main problems and currents of contemporary philosophy of sciences, including philosophy of medicine and biology.

This course aims to strengthen the study the authors previously taught in the first semester, through the full (or partial) reading of selected philosophical works, focusing on the issue of will and its ramifications (knowledge and sensuality, choice, freedom, determinism, happiness, responsibility, evil, intemperance, action). Texts will be analysed taking into consideration the thought of the related authors and the period in which they were produced, with particular emphasis on the philosophical discussions they perpetuated or caused. Assuming that students read the texts beforehand, 3 to 6 classes will be assigned to each work/theme under study, depending on their length and difficulty. Reading the full texts on the core issues of medieval philosophical discussions is one way to further the general issues studied in the 1st semester. These readings will seek to integrate each work in the dynamics of the philosophical ideas the writer formulates or discusses, comparing it with those of other peer authors, in order to discuss the key moments and positions in the formulation of theories of will during the Middle Ages. We will seek to establish why these issues have persisted in modern and contemporary philosophy. Note: The literature included in this part of the programme is compulsory reading.

This course provides the tools for a better understanding of the history of science. Through knowledge of the subject and content of the main scientific fields, the student may explore in depth the role of science and its relation to philosophy.
The student will acquire knowledge to help you understand the features of the evolution of science, processes of reasoning, discovery and proof in scientific fields studied.
The UC is taught by professors of the Faculty of Sciences and Humanities suitable for students wishing to meet rigorously the history of science.

Contribute to the awareness of the problems of Ethics as well as to the academic education of students.

1. To acquire an introductory and basical preparation in Contemporary Philosophy (concerning the period indicated in the program).
2. To analyze representative source texts referred to fundamental ancient philosophers and schools of philosophy.
3. To acquire tools permitting the articulation of the knowledge on 19th Century philosophy with that of other periods in the history of philosophy.
4. To show the importance of contemporary philosophy problems, concepts and arguments, as well as of its texts, urging reflection on them.

The main objective of this course is to provide an introduction to the themes of sense and reference and, more generally, the relationship between language, thought and the world in philosophy of language. To achieve this objective, students will study the main authors in the history of philosophy of language since late 19th century to mid 20th century, namely Gottlob Frege, Bertrand Russell and Ludwig Wittgenstein. A further objective is to explore of the history of philosophy of language in this period in order to recognise how contemporary problems take root therein. This should also help students understand the relation between philosophy of language and the history of analytic philosophy Since philosophy of language is central in early analytic philosophy, a large part of the couse focuses on that period, and on close reading of texts (Part II). The course begins, though, with an overview of sciences of language (Part I) and in Part III a reference is made to approaches to language in other philosophical traditions.

Students are expected to acquire knowledge of the key works of modern philosophy, analysing, at different levels, the authors and their most representative works. Emphasis will be given to conceptual intersections, repetition and innovation, rather than linking the various moments into an evolutionary characterization

1. To determine the inaugural reasons of discipline and its major historical " models "
2. To identify in the history of philosophy, the paths for the statement of Metaphysics as Science
3. To determine the " programmatic ways" and to analyze the basic concepts and themes of ontology
4. To identify the philosophical questions of the definition and establishment of Metaphysics as a Science
5. To determine the epistemological models associated with the ontological paradigms studied

Contribute to the awareness of the problems of ethics as well as to the academic education of students.

1. To acquire an introductory and basical preparation in Contemporary Philosophy (concerning the period pointed in the program, 20th and 21st Centuries).
2. To analyze representative source texts referred to fundamental ancient philosophers and schools of philosophy.
3. To acquire tools permitting the articulation of the knowledge on 20th (and 21st) Century philosophy with that of other periods in the history of philosophy.
4. To show the importance of contemporary philosophy problems, concepts and arguments, as well as of its texts, urging reflection on them.

Compreender no contexto mais vasto da história e cultura portuguesas problemas e ideias centrais da Filosofia em Portugal; Possibilitar uma visão geral do pensamento filosófico em Portugal, desde a Idade Média até ao séc. XX.; Conhecer e debater as temáticas e os autores da Filosofia Portuguesa, devendo atingir um elevado nível de autonomia do pensamento crítico.

Following the objectives set for Modern Philosophy I, students are expected to acquire knowledge of the key works of modern philosophy, analysing, at different levels, the authors and their most representative works. Emphasis will be given to conceptual intersections, repetition and innovation, rather than linking the various moments into an evolutionary characterisation.

1. To consolidate the expertise on the main ontological paradigms of Antiquity and the Middle Ages, acquired in Ontology I.

2. To further examine the theoretical paths from the statement of Metaphysics as a science to Kant’s criticism of the limits of understanding and his statements on the impossibility of metaphysics as a science.

3. To point out the main theoretical elements of the statement of Metaphysics as a science of «ens qua ens» to the Ontology of «ens as intelligible qua intelligible»

4. To show the consequences of Kant’s criticism to the contemporary developments of ontology and originates the idea of a deconstruction and death of Metaphysics, and contributes to the idea of a post metaphysical era.

5. To identify the contemporary ways to return to ontology: phenomenology, analytic philosophy, German and French existentialisms and other contemporary schools in ontology