Logic

Code:

CINF022

Acronym:

LOG_CI

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Philosophy

Instance: 2024/2025 - 1S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Department of Philosophy
Course/CS Responsible:	Bachelor of Arts in Information Science

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
CINF	56	Study plan	1	-	6	41	162

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

Logic is the systematic study of valid inference. In this course, an introduction is given to this study, which includes propositional logic and predicate logic. It is intended that students acquire some of the essential concepts of logic, as well as certain formal methods to represent and evaluate arguments and reasoning, in order to subsequently apply it in the structuring of indexation languages, in the analysis of information systems and in information retrieval.

Learning outcomes and competences

Upon successful completion of this course unit, students will:
- Determine the logical structure of natural language arguments, identifying premises and conclusions.
- Understand basic concepts of logic, such as: argument, premise, conclusion, proposition, logical form, truth function, validity, soundness, counterexample, tautology, contradiction, contingency, equivalence, consistency, deduction, induction, logical consequence.
- Translate arguments from natural language into the language of Propositional Logic and Predicate Logic.
- Determine the validity of arguments using (i) truth tables, (ii) derivations/natural deduction, and/or (iii) trees.

Working method

Presencial

Pre-requirements (prior knowledge) and co-requirements (common knowledge)

Not applicable.

Program

1. Introduction to logic
1.1 What is logic?
1.2 Arguments and propositions
1.3 Validity and soundness
1.4 Deduction vs. induction

2. Propositional Logic (PL)
2.1 The language of PL
2.2 The semantics of PL
2.3 Truth tables
2.4 Valid inferences and derivations in PL
2.5 Tree method for PL

3. Predicate Logic (PredL)
3.1 Reference and predication
3.2 The language of PredL
3.3 The semantics of PredL
3.4 Decision procedures in PredL

Mandatory literature

Nicholas Smith; Logic: The Laws of Truth, Princeton University Press, 2012. ISBN: 0691151636
Newton-Smith, W. H.; Lógica. ISBN: 972-662-609-9
Samuel Guttenplan; The languages of logic. ISBN: 1-55786-988-X
Graeme Forbes; Modern logic. ISBN: 0-19-508029-7

Complementary Bibliography

Beall, Jc; Logic: the basics, Routledge, 2010
Desidério Murcho; Lógica Elementar, Edições 70, 2019. ISBN: 9789724421063
Peter Smith ; An Introduction to Formal Logic, Cambridge University Press, 2020
Tim Button & P.D.Magnus; forall x: An Introduction to Formal Logic, https://forallx.openlogicproject.org/, 2021
Richard Jeffrey; Formal Logic: Its Scope and Limits, Hackett Publishing Company, 2006. ISBN: 0872208133
Russell Marcus; Introduction to Formal Logic, Oxford University Press, 2018. ISBN: 0190861789

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical-practical classes. Lectures and class discussion of particularly relevant cases and examples; realization of exercises with analysis and/or comparison of the results obtained. The participation of students is required in the discussion of examples and in the resolution of exercises.

keywords

Physical sciences > Mathematics > Mathematical logic
Humanities > Philosophy > Logic

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation without final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Teste	100,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Designation	Time (hours)
Estudo autónomo	121,00
Frequência das aulas	41,00
Total:	162,00

Eligibility for exams

According to FLUP regulation.

Calculation formula of final grade

Semester grading:
- Three written tests (20% + 40% + 40%).

Supplementary examination: Students who do not take the semester evaluation, or who have a negative classification in it, may still take a supplementary exam.

Examinations or Special Assignments

Not applicable.

Internship work/project

Not applicable.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Tests/exam are realized separatedly/with more time/with digital supports, according to student's necessities.

Classification improvement

According to FLUP regulation.

Observations