| Summary: |
Over the past decade, earthquakes proved to be the deadliest of all European disasters, with almost 19,000 fatalities and direct economic losses of approx. ¤29 billion. Earthquake Induced Liquefaction Disasters (EILDs) is responsible for tremendous amounts of the structural damages and fatalities; with experiences from recent events giving example of where approx. half of the economic loss was directly caused by liquefaction. Liquefaction is a phenomenon, with previously a low profile until recent earthquake events, in which the stiffness and strength of soil is reduced by seismic activity. With the causes of Liquefaction being known, it is important to recognize the factors that contribute to its occurrence; as well as the resulting hazards. The theory on how to address the subject has been comprehensive, as well as the engineering to reduce its consequences of liquefaction already developed; however, recent findings and advances need to be accurately examined in order to implement mitigation strategies practically. A systematic approach is needed for assessing the possibility of liquefaction on a site, prior to construction, then implementing the most appropriate liquefaction mitigation techniques.
However, the variability of circumstances, invariably translates to multiple approaches of implementation, based on the susceptibility of the location to liquefaction, as well as the type and size of structure. The LIQUEFACT project addresses the mitigation of risks to EILD events in European communities with a holistic approach. The project not only deals with the resistance of structures to EILD events, but also, the resilience of the collective urban community in relation to their quick recovery from an occurrence. The LIQUEFACT project sets out to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of EILDs, the applications of the mitigation techniques, and the development of more appropriate techniques tailored to each specific scenario, for both Europe and global. |
| Results: |
A resiliência das infraestruturas crítica depende de vários fatores que vão além do físico
confiabilidade e capacidade de reparar o sistema após uma interrupção. A infraestrutura crítica geral resiliência inclui aspectos relacionados à espinha dorsal social e econômica que rege sua capacidade de entregar o seu serviço. Esta contribuição apresenta um conjunto de ferramentas teóricas para calcular a resiliência geral de infraestruturas críticas desenvolvidas no âmbito do projeto europeu LIQUEFACT para desastres associados a liquefação de solos induzida por sismos. O kit de ferramentas desenvolvido pelo projeto combina vários aspectos organizados em três dimensões: organizacional e de gestão, o sistema físico ou técnico e operacional capacidade de prestar o serviço. O kit de ferramentas define claramente também aspectos de resiliência, como preparação, absorção, recuperação e adaptação. Para cada dimensão e aspecto da resiliência vários indicadores foram desenvolvidos. Uma explicação crítica e técnica de cada indicador foi proposto, bem como uma metodologia sistemática para combiná-los no kit de ferramentas de resiliência. A novidade deste estudo é a análise sistemática das dimensões, aspectos e indicadores que fizeram a proposta original do kit de ferramentas de resiliência. O estudo é concluído com análises de viabilidade do kit de ferramentas para natural desastres e aplicabilidade a desastres localizados, como liquefação do solo induzida por sismos. Finalmente, os principais fatores do kit de ferramentas que influenciam um modelo de ativo construído de infraestruturas críticas sãoidentificados. (Deatalhes em www.liquefact.eu/disseminations/) |
| Observations: |
LIQUEFACT Reference Guide (LRG) software is one of the main products of the LIQUEFACT, a multidisciplinary project funded under the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 framework program. The software, which incorporates both data and methodologies collected and elaborated in the project’s various work packages, has been developed for liquefaction mitigation planning and decision support, able to estimate and predict the likely consequences of Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction Disaster (EILD) to the most vulnerable region of Europe. In contrast to other seismic risk assessment software tools, the LRG software is targeting a wider range of user groups with different levels of technical background (urban planners, facility managers, structural and geotechnical engineers, or seismic risk modelers) as well as requirements. In doing so, the LRG software toolbox shall allow users assessing the liquefaction-related risk as well as assisting them in liquefaction mitigation planning. http://www.liquefact.eu/disseminations/deliverables/ |
| URL: |
www.liquefact.eu/ |