Clinical Anatomy

Code:

M222

Acronym:

AC

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Medicine

Instance: 2024/2025 - 2S (of 17-02-2025 to 13-06-2025)

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Anatomy
Course/CS Responsible:	Integrated Masters Degree in Medicine

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MIM	196	Official Study Plan	2	-	6	56	162

Teaching language

Suitable for English-speaking students
Obs.: Português

Objectives

This is a Course of Human Anatomy Applied to Clinical Practice that is the last element of a group of Anatomy Courses that started with Descriptive Anatomy ("Systematic Anatomy I and II").  Human Anatomy is now presented with a topographic focus and with the major goal of presenting the rationale of using anatomical information to address clinical problems.
Theoretical classes have as main objectives:
1.     regional topographic anatomy of the human body revisited through the visualization of illustrative videos of human anatomy
2.     exercises to identify anatomical foundations of real clinical cases
3.     understanding of the importance of anatomical knowledge through the integration of clinical cases (diagnosis and treatment) addressed and the proposed treatment visualized and discussed through images/videos of surgical procedures
4. contact with different medical specialties understanding the importance of anatomical knowledge in the specificity of each specialty

The practical classes will focus on reviewing the anatomical topography of the various regions of the human body (using axial anatomical sections) and discussing the anatomical foundations of clinical cases. Instead of having the entire program of Topographic Human Anatomy dealt with exhaustively in classes, the student is now invited to attend thematic modules and clinical anatomy discussions (theoretical and practical classes) and is encouraged to follow the general study of the discipline on their own initiative, with reference to manuals such as Snell's "Clinical Anatomy" or Moore's "Clinical-Oriented Anatomy".
The study, research and understanding of clinical cases in a guided manner during practical classes will allow autonomy in the interpretation of clinical cases chosen and compiled for the student to acquire skills during the semester.
Initial contact with essential medical techniques allows us to recognize the importance of anatomical knowledge in the doctor's daily gestures.

Learning outcomes and competences

Sedimentation of knowledge of topographic anatomy and experience in using anatomical knowledge in the interpretation of clinical cases, with progressive autonomy during the semester.
Learning essential medical techniques, from a theoretical point of view and beginning practical training.

Working method

Presencial

Pre-requirements (prior knowledge) and co-requirements (common knowledge)

Syllabus of the Curricular Units of Systematic Anatomy I, II and Neuroanatomy.

Program

Assuming that the student has already acquired basic information in Human Anatomy, Clinical Anatomy addresses the structure of the human body from two perspectives: that of the topographic relationships between the various structures of the same anatomical region, and that of the importance of this knowledge in clinical reasoning. The complete program of the Clinical Anatomy discipline is not limited to the topics covered in theoretical and practical classes, but rather corresponds to the total content of Moore's “Clinically Oriented Anatomy" that the student must have as a basis for studying the discipline. The discipline appeals , therefore, for the student to carry out personal study of the subjects, in addition to what is strictly taught in classes, an attitude that is a prerogative of medical training, and to apply this knowledge in 4 types of exercises: real anatomical interpretation through videos of surgeries; anatomical interpretation of human cadaver sections (which are homologous to clinical tomography);

COURSE STRUCTURE:

- 1 theoretical class/week - 2 hours Schedule-Tuesdays

- 1 theoretical-practical class/week – 2 hours

Main bibliography
1. The following is proposed as the main theoretical book to support this discipline: "Clinical-Oriented Anatomy" by Keith L. Moore. The student may alternatively use other reliable Clinical Anatomy books, such as “Clinical Anatomy" by Snell.
2. Essential Medical Techniques by António Vaz Carneiro.

Mandatory literature

Keith L. Moore; Clinically oriented anatomy. ISBN: 0-683-06141-0
Susan Standring; Gray.s anatomy. ISBN: 978-0-443-06684-9
António Vaz Carneiro | Gonçalo Silva Duarte | Guilherme Ferreira Dos Santos | Ricardo Martins Delgado; Técnicas Médicas Essenciais, LIDEL. ISBN: 978-989-752-245-1

Complementary Bibliography

Richard S. Snell; Clinical anatomy. ISBN: 0-7817-4315-X

Comments from the literature

The student is encouraged to carry out personal research on each clinical case that is part of the discipline's curriculum.

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical classes and practical classes. Guided discussion of clinical cases and images from surgical videos.
Use of axial cadaver sections and axial/sagittal and coronal CT/MRI sections.
Practical Woorkshop: see it done and know how to do it – gesture training based on theoretical knowledge of it.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Exame	80,00
Trabalho escrito	10,00
Teste	10,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Designation	Time (hours)
Estudo autónomo	50,00
Frequência das aulas	40,00
Trabalho de campo	5,00
Trabalho escrito	5,00
Total:	100,00

Eligibility for exams

All students have to attend 3/4 of laboratory classes to be admitted to the final exam.

Calculation formula of final grade

Calculation Formula for the final assessment - It will be the average of two multiple answer tests carried out during the semester (50 questions total) or the classification obtained in the final exam consisting of a multiple answer test – 16 points; assessment throughout the semester through individual work, weighing 2 points and a mini test on the essential medical techniques to be practiced in the Simulation Center, weighing 2 points.

The 2 intermediate assessments will have a minimum passing grade: 9.5 points.

Examinations or Special Assignments

Individual work: oral assessment, to be carried out during a practical CA class, during which the student has 5 minutes to look at an image or set of images (CAT/RX/RMN/PHOTOS) and build a story about them, with a maximum of 250 words and a minimum of 150, correctly identifying 5 anatomical structures and encompassing them in the constructed text.
To write the story/subtitles, students will have 15 minutes.

Total time: 5 minutes of observation+ 15 minutes of writing=20 minutes.

Assessment criteria for individual works:

Originality (50%) – Construction of a story that encompasses all images projected in a sequential and logical way.
Correct use of basic knowledge of systematic anatomy I and II (50%) - in the chosen image, the student must identify 5 anatomical structures that they incorporate into the text; Failure to correctly identify these structures is penalized by 10% for each structure referenced incorrectly:
5 correctly identified structures corresponds to 50%

4 correctly identified structures corresponds to 40%

3 correctly identified structures corresponds to 30%

2 correctly identified structures corresponds to 20%

1 correctly identified structure corresponds to 10%

0 correctly identified structures corresponds to 0%

Mini test on essential medical techniques to be practiced in the Simulation Center. It consists of 4 multiple-choice questions lasting 10 minutes.
The mini-test assessment and the assessment with individual work will be carried out during practical classes, in the class to which each student is allocated; For these 2 components of the assessment, there is no possibility of improving the grade or scheduling a new date if the student missed these assessments.


There will be no continuous assessment during practical classes.

The special assessment, carried out outside the 1st and 2nd exam periods, consists solely of an individual Oral Exam carried out by two teachers. The special assessment is limited to the following students: community leaders, student workers, military personnel and students in their final year of the course who are behind on their coursework

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Classification improvement

Grade improvement occurs exclusively in the appeal exam.
"RESOURCE EXAM - For approval and improvement of students who attended the curricular unit during the current academic year: Covers all the subject matter of the curricular unit and consists of a theoretical test (50 multiple answer questions) with a rating of 16 points and 4 points for the continuous assessment (2 values of the mini-test + 2 values of the individual work). The theoretical test, as it has a weighting in the final classification greater than 25%, will have a minimum classification of 9.5 values. The exam will be divided into 2 parts corresponding to each part. one of the mid-term evaluations.
To make the improvement, they can perform the part corresponding to the frequency they want to improve.

Observations

14 weeks * 2 theoretical classes = 28 hours
14 weeks * 2 practical hours = 28 hours
Total of 56 hours of face-to-face participation.