Marine Phytoplankton and Zooplankton

Code:

CMRM20

Acronym:

CMRM20

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Marine Biology and Ecology

Instance: 2015/2016 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Microscopy
Course/CS Responsible:	Master Degree in Marine Sciences - Marine Resources

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MCMRM	2	Plano Oficial Bolonha 2014 com ramos	1	-	5	50	135

Teaching language

Suitable for English-speaking students

Objectives

Theme I: Phytoplankton

Aims: Introduction to the study and ecology of marine plankton and its taxonomic and biogeographic divisions. Phytoplankton: the notion of the main groups of phytoplankton life cycles, morphological and functional adaptations and their relationship with the physical and chemical oceanographic processes. Importance in the food chain of marine phytoplankton biotoxins and dynamic producer of major proliferations on the Portuguese coast.

Theme II: Zooplankton

Aims: To transmit the notion of zooplankton, functional and ecological adaptation of organisms to their marine environment, its distribution closely with global physical processes and their trophic importance and applicability of studies of plankton

Learning outcomes and competences

Theme I: Phytoplankton

Skills: To know the nomenclature used in phytoplankton, the different taxa and their ecology (life cycles, morphological/functional adaptations and relationship with oceanographic processes). Knowing the trophic importance of marine phytoplankton producer of biotoxins. Having the ability to identify the main marine species of toxic phytoplankton in the Portuguese coast and sampling methodologies.

Results: Developing the capacity to do work on marine phytoplankton.

Theme II: Zooplankton

Skills: To know the nomenclature used in zooplankton, the taxonomic groups, forms, functional and ecological adaptations and links with global physical processes, trophic chain importance, and sampling methodologies. Understanding that the zooplankton organisms live in an environment in which viscous forces are decisive and that their behavior is quite specific.

Results: Developing the capacity to do work on zooplankton.

Working method

Presencial

Program

Theme I: Phytoplankton

• I Introduction • Divisions of plankton. • Major groups of phytoplankton and life cycles. • morphological adaptations. • Concept of population and community • Concept of biodiversity. • Cycles • Sampling of plankton production and plankton spatial and temporal scales of observation. II. Ecology of marine phytoplankton • biogeographic zones of distribution. • Adaptations and ecological interactions of physical and biological. Indicator species. • Phytoplankton of the outcrop areas. Margalef Mandala. • Examples of the distribution and dynamics of phytoplankton groups in the Iberian upwelling. III. Phytoplankton blooms and toxin-producing species • The mechanism of formation of the spring bloom. • Blooms and Red Tides • The toxic species, types of toxicity and geographic distribution • The toxic phytoplankton in Portuguese waters and state of knowledge of the dynamics of blooms • Propagation of blooms. Climate change • Networks alert.

Theme II: Zooplankton

• Introduction • Oceans • oceanic surface circulation • Circulation • Upwelling deep ocean • ocean • Spins • The pelagic zone benthic • General definition of Plankton • Dimensions • Power Mode • Marine Zone in which • Adaptation to live through • • Stay on plankton functional and ecological adaptations of zooplankton systematic groups • Main • Systematics and morphology of the major groups of holoplankton • Sampling • Position • ecological chains (webs) and trophic transfer energy metabolism • • Growth and Reproduction and • development lifecycles • Stock resident and zooplankton production • Biology and Border zones • Motion • Energy sources turbulent eddy viscosity • • Comparison of forces, the Reynolds number • • Molecular diffusion scales of turbulent structures • Zooplankton • Life in viscous environment in viscous environment • Food • Food • Detection of possible modes of selective feeding • Calculation of feed rates • Turbulence and exchange contact with the food in fish larvae distribution patterns • Vertical • • Distribution • Spatial Temporal variation • Diversity and affinity communities • Applicability of studies of plankton zoogeography • • Fisheries and Aquaculture stock assessment • • Toxicology • Climate change • Examples of studies on the Portuguese coast.

Mandatory literature

Pettersson, LH, Pozdnyakov D; Monitoring of Harmful Algal Blooms, Springer, 2013
Sardet, C; Plankton: Wonders of the Drifting World, University Of Chicago Press, 2015
Smith, P; Standard Techniques For Pelagic Fish Egg And Larva Surveys. FAO Fish. Tech. Paper 175. , Ulan Press, 2013
Moestrup, Ø.; Akselmann, R.; Fraga, S.; Hansen, G.; Hoppenrath, M.; Iwataki, M.; Komárek, J.; Larsen, J.; Lundholm, N.; Zingone, A. (Eds) ; IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Micro Algae. Accessed at http://www.marinespecies.org/hab, 2009. ISBN: IOC-UNESCO
[Several]; [Updated selection of papers and other study materials], 2016

Complementary Bibliography

Hallegraeff, GM, Anderson DM, Cembella AD; Manual on Harmful Marine Algae, UNESCO Publishing, 2003
Harris, R, Wiebe, P, Lenz, J, Skjoldal, HR, Huntley, M; ICES Zooplankton Methodology Manual, ICES, 2000
Lasker R; Marine Fish Larvae. Morphology, Ecology and Relation to Fisheries. , University of Washington Press, 1984
Todd, CD, Laverack, MS, Boxshall, GA; Coastal Marine Zooplankton: a Practical Manual for Students. , University Press, Cambridge, 1996
Tomas, CR; Identifying Marine Diatoms and Dinoflagellates, Academic Press, 1996
UNESCO/IOC Project Office; IOC Harmful Algal Bloom Website, UNESCO, 2016. ISBN: http://hab.ioc-unesco.org/

Teaching methods and learning activities

The methodology is based on a typology of theoretical and practical classes, the latter made in the laboratory or in the form of field work, with visits to estuaries and to Ria Formosa, where appropriate making using of diverse audiovisual materials and equipment appropriate to scientific work in this scientific field. The teachers promote discussions and debates in class, with emphasis in articles and in real scenarios, based on data systematically collected by the IPMA, among others. The evaluation is done through monographs and final exam.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Exame	87,50
Trabalho escrito	12,50
Total:	100,00

Calculation formula of final grade

Module of Phytoplankton = 75% (grade in final exam) + 25% (thematic monograph)

Module of Zooplankton = 100% (grade in final exame)

Final Score = Phytoplankton (50%) + Zooplankton (50%)