Symbiotic Associations in Ascidians: Relevance for Functional Innovation and Bioactive Potential

• Type: Another Publication in an International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2021

Authors

Matos, A (Author) Other; Agostinho Antunes (Author) FCUP

Journal

Title: Marine Drugs

Vol. 30

Final page: 370

ISSN: 1660-3397

Publisher: MDPI

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 0 Citations

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-00V-3QW

DOI: 10.3390/md19070370

Abstract (EN): Associations between different organisms have been extensively described in terrestrial and marine environments. These associations are involved in roles as diverse as nutrient exchanges, shelter or adaptation to adverse conditions. Ascidians are widely dispersed marine invertebrates associated to invasive behaviours. Studying their microbiomes has interested the scientific community, mainly due to its potential for bioactive compounds production-e.g., ET-73 (trabectedin, Yondelis), an anticancer drug. However, these symbiotic interactions embrace several environmental and biological functions with high ecological relevance, inspiring diverse biotechnological applications. We thoroughly reviewed microbiome studies (microscopic to metagenomic approaches) of around 171 hosts, worldwide dispersed, occurring at different domains of life (Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya), to illuminate the functions and bioactive potential of associated organisms in ascidians. Associations with Bacteria are the most prevalent, namely with Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Planctomycetes phyla. The microbiomes of ascidians belonging to Aplousobranchia order have been the most studied. The integration of worldwide studies characterizing ascidians' microbiome composition revealed several functions including UV protection, bioaccumulation of heavy metals and defense against fouling or predators through production of natural products, chemical signals or competition. The critical assessment and characterization of these communities is extremely valuable to comprehend their biological/ecological role and biotechnological potential.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 24