The Role of Nutrition in the Prevention and Management of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Literature Review and Clinical Approach

• Type: Another Publication in an International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2021

Authors

Rocha, G (Author) Other; Guimarães H (Author) FMUP; Pereira da Silva, L (Author) Other

Journal

Title: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Vol. 18 No. 5

Final page: 6245

ISSN: 1661-7827

Publisher: MDPI

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 7 Citations

Scopus - 10 Citations

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-00V-1Q1

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126245

Abstract (EN): Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains the most common severe complication of preterm birth, and nutrition plays a crucial role in lung growth and repair. A practical nutritional approach for infants at risk of BPD or with established BPD is provided based on a comprehensive literature review. Ideally, infants with BPD should receive a fluid intake of not more than 135-150 mL/kg/day and an energy intake of 120-150 kcal/kg/day. Providing high energy in low volume remains a challenge and is the main cause of growth restriction in these infants. They need a nutritional strategy that encompasses early aggressive parenteral nutrition and the initiation of concentrated feedings of energy and nutrients. The order of priority is fortified mother's own milk, followed by fortified donor milk and preterm enriched formulas. Functional nutrient supplements with a potential protective role against BPD are revisited, despite the limited evidence of their efficacy. Specialized nutritional strategies may be necessary to overcome difficulties common in BPD infants, such as gastroesophageal reflux and poorly coordinated feeding. Planning nutrition support after discharge requires a multidisciplinary approach to deal with multiple potential problems. Regular monitoring based on anthropometry and biochemical markers is needed to guide the nutritional intervention.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 20