Physical exercise, immune response, and susceptibility to infections-current knowledge and growing research areas

• Tipo: Outra Publicação em Revista Científica Internacional
• Data: 2022

Autores

Kurowski, M (Autor) Outra; Seys, S (Autor) Outra; Bonini, M (Autor) Outra; Del Giacco, S (Autor) Outra; Delgado, L (Autor) FMUP; Diamant, Z (Autor) Outra; Kowalski, ML (Autor) Outra; Moreira, André (Autor) FMUP; Rukhadze, M (Autor) Outra; Couto, M (Autor) Outra

Revista

Título: Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Vol. 77

Páginas: 2653-2664

ISSN: 0105-4538

Editora: Wiley-Blackwell

Indexação

ISI Web of Knowledge - 8 Citações

Scopus

Outras Informações

ID Authenticus: P-00W-JBV

DOI: 10.1111/all.15328

Abstract (EN): This review presents state-of-the-art knowledge and identifies knowledge gaps for future research in the area of exercise-associated modifications of infection susceptibility. Regular moderate-intensity exercise is believed to have beneficial effects on immune health through lowering inflammation intensity and reducing susceptibility to respiratory infections. However, strenuous exercise, as performed by professional athletes, may promote infection: in about half of athletes presenting respiratory symptoms, no causative pathogen can be identified. Acute bouts of exercise enhance the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, which may induce infection-like respiratory symptoms. Relatively few studies have assessed the influence of regularly repeated exercise on the immune response and systemic inflammation compared to the effects of acute exercise. Additionally, ambient and environmental conditions may modify the systemic inflammatory response and infection susceptibility, particularly in outdoor athletes. Both acute and chronic regular exercise influence humoral and cellular immune response mechanisms, resulting in decreased specific and non-specific response in competitive athletes. The most promising areas of further research in exercise immunology include detailed immunological characterization of infection-prone and infection-resistant athletes, examining the efficacy of nutritional and pharmaceutical interventions as countermeasures to infection symptoms, and determining the influence of various exercise loads on susceptibility to infections with respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. By establishing a uniform definition of an elite athlete, it will be possible to make a comparable and straightforward interpretation of data from different studies and settings.

Idioma: Inglês

Tipo (Avaliação Docente): Científica

Nº de páginas: 12