Ontology II

Code:

FILO031

Acronym:

ONT2

Instance: 2017/2018 - 2S

Active?	Yes
E-learning page:	http://moodle.up.pt/
Responsible unit:	Department of Philosophy
Course/CS Responsible:	Bachelor in Philosophy

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
FILO	40	FILO - Study Plan	3	-	6	4

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

1. To acquire the basic conceptual tools for the study of Ontology and for the study of each author analysed; to consolidate the skills already acquired in the previous semester;
2. To develop analytical and critical skills regarding  the texts of the philosophical tradition and the issues ontology is concerned with.
3. To understand the modern and contemporary developments of metaphysics as science (from XVII century to the present)
4. To identify and to characterize both the main paradigms of ontology from XVII century until the present and the philosophical issues they are concerned with.

Learning outcomes and competences

1. To manage and to use correctly the conceptual tools of Ontology, according to the technical vocabulary of each author studied.
2. To develop theoretical and critical skills regarding the philosophical issues concerning Ontology.
3. To identify and to characterize the main schools and doctrines in contemporary ontology.

Working method

Presencial

Pre-requirements (prior knowledge) and co-requirements (common knowledge)

prerequirements : research tools and philosophical knowledge grasped in previous years of the 1st circle of the course of Philosophy

simultaneous knowledge - to read and analyse requiered bibliography (primary sources and studies)

Program

I - Introduction:
1. From Metaphysics to Ontology: paradigm shift ?
2. The rebirth of Metaphysics: Francisco Suárez .
b ) Object of Metaphysics. The suarezian definition of 'existing' as ' aptitude for existence".
c ) formal concept and objective concept of being
d ) the relationship between essence and existence in metaphysical suareziana

II . Christian . Wolff : the creation of ontology as a science of beings possible.
1. The first principles of knowledge, and knowledge of «things in general».
a)    Non-contradiction
b)    Possibility and impossibility
c)    Definition of 'existence'
d)    Identity and Difference
2. What is ' a thing '
3. Wolff’s essentialism

III - Kant and the impossibility of Metaphysics as Science
1. Kant 's criticism on empiricism and on Wolff's dogmatic rationalism
2. The proposal of a transcendental philosophy .
3. Critical examination of the possibility and limits of understanding :
4. The structure of human knowledge (Transcendental Analytics)
5. The dialectic of reason (Transcendental Dialectics)
6. The place of ontology in the Critique of Pure Reason by Kant

IV Ontology and Metaphysics in postkantianism.
1. The return to things: its limits and possibilities
a. Brentano's concept of intentionality. Its criticism by the School of Graz and by Husserl;the «return to things» - phenomenological method.
2. M. Heidegger. a) and Husserl; b) Critique of Western metaphysics : the deconstruction: c) the project of a primordial ontology; c) its impossibility

V - Contemporary Ontology. State of the art and multiple paradigms.

Mandatory literature

Christian Wolff; Pensamientos racionales acerca de Dios, el Mundo y el alma del hombre. Sí como de todas las cosas en general (Metafísica Alemana), Akal, 2000
M. Heidegger; ¿Qué es Metafísica?
M. Heidegger; Superação da Metafísica
Meirinhos, José Francisco 340; As^Disputações Metafísicas de Francisco Suárez. ISBN: 978-972-8932-87-9
Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938; Investigações lógicas. ISBN: 972-8531-34-6 (only Vol. II, part V, cap. 2, §§ 9-21)
Kant, Immanuel, 1724-1804; Crítica da razão pura. ISBN: 972-31-0623-X
Heidegger, Martin, 1889-1976; El^ser y el tiempo
Heidegger, Martin, 1889-1976; Sobre la cuestion del ser
E. Husserl; Conferências de Paris, http://www.lusosofia.net/textos/husserl_conferencias_de_paris.pdf

Complementary Bibliography

M. GRIER; Kant’s Critique of Metaphysics
W. H. WALSH; Kant's Criticisms of Metaphysics, Edinburgh University Press, 1975
Dale JACQUETTE (ed.); The Cambridge Companion to Brentano, Cambridge University Press, 2004
R. SORABJI; From Aristotle to Brentano: the Development of the Concept of Intentionality”, Oxford Studies in Philosophy (Supplementary Volume), 227-259, 1991
W. Huemer; Franz Brentanto, Stanford Encyclopedia of Phylosophy
Werner MARX (trad. T. Kisiel, M. Greene); Heidegger and the Tradition, Northwestern University Press, 1970
Volpi, F. (Ed.); Heidegger et l’idée de la phenomenologie, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998
Compilação por Ana Falcato; Bibliografia de e sobre Heidegger, Projeto Heidegger em Português (dir. Irene Borges Duarte)
Michael LOUX; Metaphysics. A contemporary Introduction, Routledge, 2006
Fréderic Nef; Qu'est-ce que la Metaphysique?, Gallimard, 2004
Mauricio Ferraris (ed.); Storia dell'Ontologia, Bompiani, 2008
E. J. LOWE; A Survey of Metaphysics, OUP, 2008
Th. SIDER; J. HAWTHORNE (eds.); Contemporary Debates in Metaphysics, Wiley-Blackwell, 2007
Dale JACQUETTE; Ontology, Acumen, 2002
Costantino Esposito; Il fenomeno dell'essere. FEnomenologia e Ontologia in Heidegger, Dedalo, 1984
Jean-François Courtine; Suarez et le système de la métaphysique, PUF, 1990
E. Garcia, F. Nef; Métaphysique contemporaine. Propriétés, mondes possibiles et personnes, Vrin, 2007
Christoff, Daniel 080; Husserl ou o regresso às coisas
Courtine, Jean-François; Suarez et le système de la métaphysique. ISBN: 2-13-042949-1
Courtine, Jean-François 340; Heidegger 1919-1929

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical-practical lessons, based on the explanation of doctrines and the analysis of philosophical texts, and on the discussion of its arguments with students

keywords

Humanities

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Exame	50,00
Participação presencial	10,00
Trabalho escrito	40,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Designation	Time (hours)
Estudo autónomo	80,00
Frequência das aulas	52,00
Trabalho de investigação	30,00
Total:	162,00

Eligibility for exams

According to the evaluation standards in force

Calculation formula of final grade

Elements for evaluation:
written work and its oral presentation= 30%+20% 
Final exame - 50%

Internship work/project

Not applicable

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Not applicable

Classification improvement

Students may upgrade their mark in the UC either a) in the same semester they got the mark they want to upgrade. In this case, students may apply to the recourse exam and their final mark is obtained by the weithed average of the research work mark (50%) plus the recourse exam mark (50%); or b) in other apllications previewd by the evaluation statute. In this case the mark is obtained only by the exam mark, which is 100% weighted.