History of the Portuguese Language II

Code:

FLUP0734

Acronym:

HLP2

Instance: 2004/2005 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Department of Portuguese and Romance Studies
Course/CS Responsible:	Modern Languages and Literature - Portuguese and English Studies

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
EPA	23	Official Study Plan - LEPA	4	2,5	5	-
EPE	8	Official Study Plan - LEPE	4	2,5	5	-
EPF	32	Official Study Plan - LEPF	4	2,5	5	-
EPI	90	Official Study Plan - LEPI	4	2,5	5	-
EPO	52	Official Study Plan - LEPO	4	2,5	5	-

Objectives

The aim of this subject is to provide students with groundings in three areas: analysis of linguistic variation theories and methods for the study of linguistic variation; its application in the specific domain of the history of the Portuguese language; and integration in a more generic perspective, within the scope of Romance linguistics.

Program

This programme is based on the one lectured by Professor Maria Helena Paiva and by Mrs. Clara Barros during the last few years.

1. Medieval Portuguese.
1.1. Problems set by periodization in historical linguistics: fluctuation, dominant trends and linguistic pattern.
1.2. Primitive documental production in Portuguese.
1.3. Characterization of Medieval Portuguese:
1.3.1. Vocalic system (tonic and atonic); hiatuses; nasal endings, consonantal system;
1.3.2. Characteristic morphological and syntactic features;
- Changes in the use of certain morphemes; evolutions in progress.
- Constructions with correlative morphemes.
1.3.3. Lexical imports.
1.4. Medieval texts of an argumentative nature: analysis of specific structures.
1.4.1. Working aspects of contrastives in Medieval Portuguese.
1.5. The drift of the power center and of the linguistic pattern to the south. Main evolutions:
1.5.1. Solving hiatuses by crasis, diphthongization or consonant interposition;
convergence of nasal endings; evolution of sibilants’ system.
1.5.2. Changes in nominal and verbal morphology.
1.5.3. Changes in coordination and subordination structures; erasure of correlatives.
1.5.4. Evolution of Lexis, namely with regard to Latin imports.

2. Classical and Modern Portuguese.
2.1. Innovating phonetic and morphologic features: simplification of the system of silibant consonants; the problem of reducing atonic vowels.
2.2. Connections between dialectology and history of language: evidence of conservative dialectal areas, of the Portuguese of Brazil and of the Creoles.
2.3. Action of the analogy in regularizing paradigms.
2.4. Growing definition of linguistic pattern and progressive reduction of linguistic fluctuation;
2.5. Changes in writing conceptions (from the phonologic dominant to the etymologic dominant);
2.6. Relatinization of the idiom: substitution of vernacular forms by erudite forms, cultured import of classical Latin forms.
2.7. Information of 16th-century grammarians on the language of their time; transformation of attitudes related to language and linguistic practices.

3. Evolutions after the 16th-century:
3.1. Phonetics: simplification of the affricative graphically represented by ch;
palatalizing implosive s; differentiation of the diphthong ei; heightening of atonic vowels; evolution of the multiple resonant.
3.2. Evolution of pronominal and verbal systems in relation to the 5th person.
3.3. Evolution of the lexicon in the course of the period: losses and gains; typology of linguistic imports.
3.4. Linguistic evolution and orthographic reforms.

Main Bibliography

BARROS, C., “Morfemas correlativos no Português Medieval”, in: Actas do XIX Congreso Internacional de Linguística e Filoloxía Románicas (Santiago de Compostela, 1989), A Coruña, 1993; reimpresso in: FONSECA, J. (org.) ” A organização e o funcionamento dos discursos. Estudos sobre o Português”, Tomo I, Porto, Porto Editora, 1998, pp.59-66
-, “Para uma análise do discurso jurídico medieval: enquadramento argumentativo dos actos injuntivos”, in Diacrítica, 11 (1996), pp. 175 – 185
-, “Alguns aspectos do funcionamento dos contrastivos no Português Medieval”, in: História da Língua e História da Gramática, Braga, 2002, pp. 73 - 82
CÂMARA, J. Mattoso, História e Estrutura da Língua Portuguesa, 4ª ed., Rio de Janeiro, 1985.
CASTRO, I., Curso de História da Língua Portuguesa. Lisboa, Universidade Aberta, 1991.
CINTRA, L. F. Lindley, “Les anciens textes portugais non-littéraires, classement et bibliographie. Observations sur l'ortographe et la langue de quelques textes non littéraires galiciens-portugais de la seconde moitié du XIIIe siècle”, in: Revue de Linguistique Romane, XXVII, 1963, pp. 40 -58; pp. 59 -77.
EMILIANO, A; PEDRO, S., “De Notícia de Torto. Aspectos paleográficos e scriptográficos e edição do mais antigo documento particular português conhecido”, in: Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie, 120/1 (2004), pp. 1 – 81.
MAIA, C. de Azevedo, História do Galego-Português. Estudo linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal desde o séc. XIII ao séc. XVI, Coimbra, 1986
MARTINS, A.M., “Ainda «os mais antigos textos escritos em português». Documentos de 1175 a 1252”, in: Faria, I.H. Faria (org.), Lindley Cintra, Homenagem ao Homem, ao Mestre e ao Cidadão, Lisboa, 1999, pp. 380 - 387
NETO, S. da Silva, História da Língua Portuguesa (1952), 3ª ed., Rio de Janeiro, Presença, 1979.
-, “A constituição do Português como língua nacional”, in: Arquivos da Universidade de Lisboa, XIX, 1960, pp. 103 - 116.
SILVA, Rosa Virgínia Mattos e, Estruturas Trecentistas: Elementos para uma gramática do Português Arcaico. Lisboa, 1989.
SOUTO CABO, J.A., “Nas origens da expressão escrita galego-portuguesa. Documentos do século XII, in: Diacrítica, 17 (2003), pp. 329 – 385.
TEYSSIER, P., História da Língua Portuguesa, Trad., Lisboa, Sá da Costa, 1982.
2
CARVALHO, J. G. Herculano de, “Nota sobre o vocalismo antigo português: valor dos grafemas 'e' e 'o' em sílaba átona”, in: Estudos Linguísticos, II, Coimbra, Atlântida, 1969, pp. 75 - 103.
- Contribuição de "Os Lusíadas" para a renovação da Língua Portuguesa, Sep. de Revista Portuguesa de Filologia", XVIII, Coimbra, 1980.
- “Sincronia e diacronia nos sistemas vocálicos do crioulo cabo-verdiano” , Estudos linguísticos, II, pp. 5 - 31.
- “Le vocalisme atone des parlers créoles du Cap Vert”, ibidem, II, pp. 33 - 45.
PAIVA, M. Helena, “Vernacularidade versus relatinização: o testemunho dos gramáticos portugueses quinhentistas”, in: Actas do 1º Encontro da Associação Portuguesa de Linguística, Lisboa, 1986, pp.375 - 397.
-, Os Gramáticos Portugueses Quinhentistas e a fixação do Padrão Linguístico. Contribuição da informática para o estudo das relações entre funcionamento, variação e mudança. Dissertação de Doutoramento, Porto: Faculdade de Letras, 2002.
TEYSSIER, P., La Langue de Gil Vicente, Paris, Klincksieck, 1959.
Dicionários:
COROMINAS, J. e PASCUAL, J. A., Diccionario Crítico Etimológico Castellano y Hispánico, 5 vols., Madrid, Gredos, 1980-3.
MACHADO, J. Pedro, Dicionário Etimológico da Língua Portuguesa, 7ª ed., Lisboa, 1995.

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical and practical classes

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Eligibility for exams

Positive classification in the evaluation components

Calculation formula of final grade

Distributed evaluation:
Average mark of the written test plus final exam, together with other evaluation elements

Final evaluation:
Final exam classification.

Examinations or Special Assignments

Not applicable.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

According to the Assessment Regulations in force.

Classification improvement

According to the Assessment Regulations in force.

Observations

Language of instruction: Portuguese