Thermodynamics II

Code:

L.EM013

Acronym:

T II

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Fluids and Energy

Instance: 2023/2024 - 1S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Fluids and Energy Section
Course/CS Responsible:	Bachelor in Mechanical Engineering

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
L.EM	308	Syllabus	2	-	6	52	162

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

ENG

Know how to analyse any thermal engine system in light of the First and Second Law of Thermodynamics. Being able to propose improvements in existing thermal motor systems in terms of their characterizing parameters. Know how to analyse any refrigeration machine and heat pump in light of the First and Second Law of Thermodynamics as well as propose solutions for a better performance. Be able to analyse non-reactive and reactive gaseous mixtures with emphasis on air conditioning and combustion processes.

Learning outcomes and competences

Thermodynamics is among the great scientific and technical areas, a mother area par excellence since it supports the problem of energy conversion vs. heat. work or thermal energy-mechanical energy and constitutes the backbone of the living sciences. In this context, in the programmatic contents of this UC, chapter by chapter, the basic principles are valued and the conceptualization and the strategy of the use of thermodynamics in the problematic of the energetic conversion of heat vs. work are structured. To do so, most of these existing systems are analysed, making a comparison between all, advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Being that in our society the refrigeration sector is vital, the study of refrigeration systems and heat pumps is carried out in detail. In the two final chapters the air conditioning and the combustion process, essential for the analysis of the thermal machines, are analysed in detail.

Working method

Presencial

Pre-requirements (prior knowledge) and co-requirements (common knowledge)

Thermodynamics I 

Program

FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS FOR THE ENERGY CONVERTERTION SYSTEMS ANALYSIS. Efficiency, work ratio and specific consumption of steam/gas systems. THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THEFRMAL ENGINE CYCLES Carnot, Rankine, Joule-Brayton and Reciprocating engines cycles. Analysis of the variables. THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF REFRIGERATING SYSTEMS AND HEAT PUMPS. Analysis of the variation of the COP of these systems as a function of possible changes that can be implement in the ideal cycles. Refrigerant fluids, their classification and impact on the environment. Analysis of variables. GAS MIXTURES Mass, molar and volume fraction of mixtures and their relationship. Dalton’s, Gibb Daltons’ and Amagat’s law. Thermodynamic properties of gaseous mixtures. Second Law analysis of mixture processes. PSICHROMETRY Introduction to the theory of psychrometry. Humid air. Quantification of water vapor content in humid air. Psychrometric charts. Thermodynamic properties of moist air. Analysis of thermal processes involving humid air and respective energy balances. REATIVE MIXTURES Combustion. Stoichiometric combustion and with excess air; flue analysis; enthalpy of formation; adiabatic flame temperature. First and Second Law of Thermodynamics applied to reactive mixtures. Combustion efficiency.

Mandatory literature

Clito Afonso; Termodinâmica para engenharia. ISBN: 978-972-752-143-2
P. M. Coelho; Tabelas de termodinâmica. ISBN: 978-972-752-092-3
Óscar Mota; Exercícios Resolvidos de Termodinâmica Aplicada, Editorial FEUP, 2017. ISBN: s/n

Complementary Bibliography

John R. Howell, Richard O. Buckius; Fundamentals of engineering thermodynamics
Yunus A. Çengel, Michael A. Boles; Thermodynamics. ISBN: 0-07-112177-3

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical lessons - Distance learning
Topics exposed with power point with resolution of pratical problems;

Theoretical-Pratical lessons - Classroom teaching

Resolution of problems extracted from a book of problems

Weekly lessons - 3h T + 1,5h TP

Laboratory – 3,0h/semester

Total of hours – 75h

Study for examinations – 62h

Students contact (timetable to be defined by each professor).

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Exame	60,00
Teste	30,00
Trabalho laboratorial	10,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Designation	Time (hours)
Estudo autónomo	95,00
Frequência das aulas	63,00
Trabalho laboratorial	4,00
Total:	162,00

Eligibility for exams

According to General Evaluation Rules of FEUP

Calculation formula of final grade

The distributed evaluation of this course will be evaluated by:

1) a theoretical mini test in the Moodle platform covering the first half of the matter, without consultation, to be done during the semestre, with a weight of 15% in the exam grade.

2) two laboratorial works to be done during the semestre, with a weight of 10% in the final grade.

During the exam time the evaluation will be composed of a mini teste in the Moodle platform covering the second half of the matter, without consultation, with a weight of 15% in the exam grade.
The access to the written exam, that consists of all the matter, with a weight of 60%, requires a minimum grade of 2,00 by summing both of the moodle tests.

Lack of comparency to the theoretical tests, written exame or laboratory works are classified with zero grade.

For other exams, the evaluation will consist of a test in the Moodle platform, covering all the matter, without consultation, with a weight of 30%, and a written exam, covering all the matter with a weight of 60%, depending the access to the written exam, that consists of all the matter, on the minimum grade of 2,00 in the Moodle test. The laboratory works have a 10% grade, and must be obtained during the semestre.

The Moodle tests have a 15 min. duration, and the written exams 90 min.

Observations

For all examinations, the students can only take with them the book  "Termodinâmica para Engenharia" and tables of thermodinamic properties of substances. The studants that don't have the book can take four pages A4 written with information that the students think is necessary.