Code: | L.EM018 | Acronym: | MF I |
Keywords | |
---|---|
Classification | Keyword |
OFICIAL | Fluids and Energy |
Active? | Yes |
Responsible unit: | Fluids and Energy Division |
Course/CS Responsible: | Bachelor in Mechanical Engineering |
Acronym | No. of Students | Study Plan | Curricular Years | Credits UCN | Credits ECTS | Contact hours | Total Time |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L.EM | 320 | Syllabus | 2 | - | 6 | 52 | 162 |
Analyze, understand and characterize, on the basis of their respective properties and fundamental laws of mechanics, the behavior of resting and moving fluids. Using specific methodologies and, in some cases, introducing relevant simplifications, solve problems of Fluid Mechanics in engineering and create the basis for the resolution of other more comprehensive, with the complementary knowledge to be transmitted in the scope of Fluid Mechanics II and of the master in Mechanical Engineering..
1.Introduction. Scope and relevance of fluid mechanics, concept of fluid, thermodynamic properties of fluids, hypothesis of continuous medium. Concept of pressure. Viscosity, Newton's law of viscosity. Couette flow, non-slip condition. Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. Surface tension. Vapor pressure and cavitation.
2.Statics of fluids. Pressure in fluids atrest, invariability of pressure with direction. Principle of Pascal. The hydrostatics fundamental law. Absolute and relative pressure. Manometers and barometers. Forces on surfaces immersed and its center of pressures. Buoyancy.
3.Flow kinematics. Velocity field properties, lagrangean and eulerian perspectives, convective and local acceleration. Systems and control volumes. Flow rate and mean velocity, law of mass conservation (continuity). Concepts of trajectory, streamline and streakline.
4.Introduction to fluid dynamics. Newton's 2nd law applied to a fluid particle, integration along a streamline. Ideal flow concept. Equations of Euler and Bernoulli. Interpretations of the Bernoulli equation. Dynamic pressure and stagnation pressure. Velocity and volume flux measurements. Integration of Newton's 2nd law in the direction normal to streamlines. Pressure in free jets.
5.Fundamental equations - integral formulation. Reynolds transport theorem. Law of mas conservation. Newton's law and linear momentum equation. Balance of forces acting on a control volume, contact forces and internal forces. Angular momentum. Principle of conservation of energy, 1st law of thermodynamics. Applications.
6. Fundamental equations - differential formulation. Movement and deformation of fluid elements. Acceleration field in a flow. Infinitesimal control volume. Mass conservation and simplifications. Incompressibility condition limit. Linear momentum. Forces acting on an infinitesimal control volume for any fluid. The stress tensor. Potential flows and its superposition. Viscous flows of Newtonian fluids, Navier-Stokes equations. Applications of the Navier-Stokes equations
7. Dimensional analysis, similarity and modeling. Dimensional homogeneity, dimensional versus non-dimensional representations. Variables and reference dimensions of a problem, dimensionlessness of a functional dependency, Buckingham's "Pi" theorem. Dimensional groups and their interpretation. Introduction to the theory of similarity, models. Fundamental equations of fluid mechanics in dimensionless form.
The curricular unit will work with two weekly
face-to-face sessions of two hours, theoretical-
practical, for each class. In these theoretical-
practical classes, theoretical concepts will be
exposed, discussion, presentation and resolution of
application examples and clarification of doubts to
students.
Each student will also participate, throughout the
semester, in three two-hour practical classes, in a
laboratory context. These sessions are taught by
monitors, supported by teachers, and whose
scheduling is carried out through the L.EM
secretariat.
Designation | Weight (%) |
---|---|
Exame | 60,00 |
Teste | 30,00 |
Trabalho laboratorial | 10,00 |
Total: | 100,00 |
Designation | Time (hours) |
---|---|
Estudo autónomo | 93,00 |
Frequência das aulas | 63,00 |
Trabalho laboratorial | 6,00 |
Total: | 162,00 |
TYPE OF EVALUATION
The evaluation of this Curricular Unit consists of
two mini-tests, lasting 30 to 60 minutes (to be
defined on a case-by-case basis), three laboratory
questionnaires, to be carried out during the semester, and a final exam. All assessment components are without consultation, or with consultation of a restricted form provided with the test statement.
Each mini test is classified from 0 to 20 values and
has a weight of 15% in the final classification. The
first mini test will take place roughly in the middle
of the semester and the second will take place at the
end of the semester.
Laboratory questionnaires: during the semester there
will be three laboratory sessions, lasting 2 hours
each, to carry out experimental work. In all sessions, a questionnaire is answered and evaluated which, as a whole, will constitute the classification of the laboratory component, with a weight of 10% in the final grade (each questionnaire, classified from 0 to 20 values, has a weight of 1/3 of 10 % in the final classification).
Written exam: has a weight of 60% in the final
classification and is only accessible to students
who have simultaneously obtained an average of 7/20
in the set of two mini-tests and an average of 7/20
in the set of three questionnaires laboratory.
Approval of the subject: the student whose weighted
average of the evaluation elements is equal to or
greater than 9.5 points will pass the subject, requiring a minimum score of 7 points in each of the 3 evaluation elements (average of the two mini-tests, average of the three lab quizzes and final exam)
Repeating students who have obtained a minimum grade
in the laboratory component in the immediately
previous academic year, may, if they wish, keep that
grade and not carry out the work in the current
academic year. However, as this decision is personal,
they will have to formalize this wish in writing with
the course secretariat, until the end of registration
in the laboratory groups, otherwise they will have to
carry out the work in the current academic year.
Resit exam
The appeal period is also made up of 3 evaluation
elements, namely:
the resource mini-test, which will take place
before the written exam, and which has a weight of
30% in the final classification;
the average value of the three questionnaires
carried out during the semester, which has a weight
of 10% in the final classification;
the written exam itself, which has a weight of
60% and to which only students who have obtained an
average of 7/20 in the resource mini-test and an
average of 7/20 in the set of the two laboratory
questionnaires have access carried out during the
semester.
Approval to the subject at the time of appeal: the
student whose weighted average of the 3 evaluation
elements is equal to or greater than 9.5 points will
pass the subject, requiring a minimum score of 7
points in each of the evaluation elements.
Summary
Final classification= 0.6 x (Exam or Resource) + 0.3
x Average of the Mini-tests (semester or resource) +
0.1 x Laboratory Questionnaires (performed during the
semester).
Note 1- calculator
In the mini-tests, the use of a calculator is not
allowed if the mini-test is on paper, but the use of
a moodle or operating system calculator will be
allowed, if this type of test takes place in a moodle
environment.
In written exams, the use of a graphing calculator is
only allowed if it is in exam mode.
Note 2
The exams will be exclusively in Portuguese.
Note 3
During any assessment test, students are not allowed
to have any type of communication device, such as a
mobile phone, smartphone, digital watch, tablet or
computer. Possession of any of these devices during
the evaluation tests, even if it is turned off, is
sufficient cause for the test to be canceled. Before
the test begins, and if you so wish, the student can
deposit his device on a table designated by the
invigilator for this purpose, but the invigilator
team cannot be held responsible in case of equipment
disappearance.
According to the FEUP rules, simultaneously and with the same rules as the resit exam.
According to the FEUP rules, simultaneously and with the same rules as the resit exam.
Language of instruction: Portuguese
Classes and exams are only in portuguese.
To successfully attend this course, the student must
have solid knowledge of calculus, algebra, statics,
kinematics, dynamics and thermodynamics.
In case of doubt in the interpretation of the content
of this sheet, the Portuguese version always
prevails.