Fluid Mechanics
Keywords |
Classification |
Keyword |
OFICIAL |
Heat Transfer and Fluid |
Instance: 2010/2011 - 2S
Cycles of Study/Courses
Acronym |
No. of Students |
Study Plan |
Curricular Years |
Credits UCN |
Credits ECTS |
Contact hours |
Total Time |
MIEIG |
74 |
Syllabus since 2006/2007 |
3 |
- |
6 |
56 |
160 |
Teaching language
Portuguese
Objectives
This course unit aims to make students understand and analyse the behaviour of fluids at rest and in motion, based on the fundamental laws of mechanics and using specific methodologies. Hence they can solve problems of fluid mechanics in the areas of engineering.
At the end of the first month, students should be capable of:
1. characterizing fluids regarding their properties. Students should also be capable of solving simple problems using Newton’s law of viscosity.
2. applying hydrostatic principles to determine pressure, centres of pressure and manometry.
3. applying Bernoulli equation to the study of flows, discharge measurement and flow velocity.
At the end of the semester, students should be capable of:
4. applying and be acquainted with the basic principles of dimensional analysis in the experimental study of fluid mechanics
5. applying mass and energy conservation equations to the study of duct flows.
6. understanding the functioning of pumps and ventilators, so that the right equipment is selected.
7. determining interaction forces associated to flows and immersed bodies
Program
INTRODUCTION
Scope and significance of Fluid Mechanics; Concept of fluid; Properties of fluids; Newton’s law of viscosity
FLUID STATICS
Balance of forces in a fluid at rest
Hydrostatic equation
Manometry
Forces on immersed surfaces
Centre of pressure
Buoyancy
FLUID KINEMATICS
Concept of flow
Properties of velocity fields
Streamlines and trajectories
Langrangian- Eulerian description
Concept of discharge and average velocity
INTRODUCTION TO FLUID DYNAMICS (non-viscous fluids)
Newton’s 2nd law applied to a fluid particle
Euler’s and Bernoulli’s equations
Application of Bernoulli’s equation
Dynamic pressure and total pressure
Stagnation point
Pitot and Ventri tube
Velocity and discharge measurement
FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS (integral formulation)
Conservation of mass equation, linear equation of motion and energy equation
Examples of application
DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS AND SIMILARITY
Dimensionless: functional dependence
Buckingham PI theorem
Interpretation of the most common dimensionless groups in Fluid Mechanics
Similarity and modeling
Conditions of similarity
INTERIOR FLOWS
Flow regimes and entry zones
Calculation of load loss
Pumps and ventilators:
EXTERIOR FLOWS
Force on an immersed body in a flow
Flow over a flat plate
Creeping and buoyancy
Mandatory literature
Yunus A. Çengel, Robert H. Turner;
Fundamentals of thermal-fluid sciences. ISBN: 007-123926-X
Marcel Escudier;
The essence of engineering fluid mechanics. ISBN: 0-13-728296-6
Complementary Bibliography
Frank M. White;
Fluid mechanics. ISBN: 978-0-07-128645-9
Bruce R. Munson... [et al.];
Fundamentals of fluid mechanics. ISBN: 978-0-470-39881-4
Merle C. Potter, David C. Wiggert;
Mechanics of fluids. ISBN: 0-13-571142-8
Luis Adriano Oliveira, António Gameiro Lopes;
Mecânica dos fluidos. ISBN: 972-8480-13-X
Teaching methods and learning activities
Theoretical classes will be based on the presentation of the program and on the presentation and resolution of problems, which illustrate the theoretical concepts taught.
Practical classes will be based on the discussion of exercises.
Students will be asked to solve problems; At the end of the class all students’ questions will be answered
Students will also be asked to do a laboratory assignment and write a report about it.
Evaluation Type
Distributed evaluation without final exam
Assessment Components
Description |
Type |
Time (hours) |
Weight (%) |
End date |
Attendance (estimated) |
Participação presencial |
56,00 |
|
|
|
Total: |
- |
0,00 |
|
Eligibility for exams
To be admitted to exams, students have to be enrolled in the course unit and do not miss more classes than allowed by the rules. Besides they have to reach a minimum average mark of 8 out of 20 in both assessment components.
Calculation formula of final grade
Test: 25% of the Final Mark
Laboratory assignments: 20% of the Final Mark
Exam (*): 55% of the Final Mark (minimum mark of 7 out of 20)
(*) The exam will cover all the program of the course unit.
Examinations or Special Assignments
According to the rules:
I) Students who attended to the course in previous years and who are attending this year: they will be assessed as ordinary students. However, if they wish they do not need to attend to classes.
II) Students who did not attend to the course in previous years: they will be assed as ordinary students.
Classification improvement
Recurso (resit exam) or mark improvement: Students who attended to this course unit can attend to the recurso (resit exam) and improve their marks. This exam is worth 80% of the final mark.
Observations
Classrooms will be equipped with multimedia equipment.