Fluid Mechanics I

Code:

EA0022

Acronym:

MF I

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Physical Sciences (Physics)

Instance: 2018/2019 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Fluids and Energy Section
Course/CS Responsible:	Master in Environmental Engineering

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MIEA	75	Syllabus since 2006/07	2	-	6	56	162

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

To analyze, understand and characterize, based on the fundamental laws of mechanics and specific methodologies, the behavior of fluids, at rest and in motion, in order to solve problems of fluid mechanics in engineering.

To create the basis for solving problems in more specific areas, with the complementary knowledge to be transmitted in the scope of Fluid Mechanics II.

Learning outcomes and competences

It is expected that at the end of the semester students:

1. Be able to characterize fluids by their properties and solve simple problems with Newton's law of viscosity;
2. Be able to apply the principles of fluid statics to manometry and to the characterization of pressure forces on immersed flat surfaces;
3. Be familiar with the fundamental aspects of kinematics and dynamics in the context of fluid mechanics;
4. Understand the advantages of using dimensional analysis and the principles of similarity in solving fluid mechanics problems;
5. Know how to apply the mass and energy conservation equations to viscous flows in ducts, calculate load losses, energy requirements, estimate of the available flow and dimension simple ducts;
6. Be able to characterize the forces resulting from the action of flows on bodies immersed in them.

 

Working method

Presencial

Program

Introduction. Scope of Fluid Mechanics. Fluid concept and more relevant thermodynamic properties. Hypothesis of continuous medium . Viscosity and Newton's Law of viscosity. Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. Vapor tension and cavitation.
Statics of fluids. Pressure in fluid at rest. Invariability of pressure with direction. Pascal principle. Hydrostatics fundamental equation. Manometry. Forces on immersed flat surfaces. Buoyancy.
Notions of kinematics. Velocity ​​field properties. Local and convective acceleration. Lagrangean and Eulerian perspectives. Systems and control volumes. Volume and mass flux and average velocity, law of mass conservation (continuity).
Integral formulation. Reynolds transport theorem. Conservation of mass. Conservation of energy (1st law of thermodynamics). Simplifications to the energy conservation equation. Ideal flow. Bernoulli equation. Interpretations of the Bernoulli equation. Dynamic pressure and stagnation pressure.Velocity and volume flow rate measurements.
Dimensional analysis and similarity. Reference variables and dimensions of a problem. More common dimensionless groups in fluid mechanics and their meaning. Rules of similarity and flow modeling.
Viscous flow in ducts. Laminar and turbulent regimes. Development zone. In line heath losses. Darcy's coefficient and Darcy-Weisback's equation. Parabolic profile and solution for the laminar case. Logarithmic profile, Colebrooke equation and Moody diagram. Minor losses in pipes. Inverse problems: determination of flow rate and dimensioning of ducts. Multiple pipe systems.
External flows. Basic concepts of boundary layer. Action of flows on non-fuselated bodies. Drag and lift forces and coefficients.

Mandatory literature

Frank M. White; Fluid mechanics. ISBN: 0-07-116848-6
Bruce R. Munson, ... [et al.]; Fluid Mechanics. ISBN: 978-1-118-31867-6

Complementary Bibliography

Merle C. Potter, David C. Wiggert; Mechanics of fluids. ISBN: 0-13-571142-8
Yunus A. Çengel, John M. Cimbala ; trad. Katia Aparecida Roque, Mario Moro Fecchio; Mecânica dos fluidos. ISBN: 978-85-86804-58-8
Luis Adriano Oliveira, António Gameiro Lopes; Mecânica dos fluidos. ISBN: 972-8480-13-X

Teaching methods and learning activities

Lectures: Presentation of theoretical concepts and discussion.
Theoretical-practical sessions: Examples, exercises and discussion of student’s questions.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation without final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Teste	100,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Designation	Time (hours)
Estudo autónomo	92,00
Frequência das aulas	70,00
Total:	162,00

Eligibility for exams

Presence in, at least, 75% of theoretical-practical sessions.

Calculation formula of final grade

Three theoretical / practical tests throughout the semester. Tests with limited consultation (formulary), of 120 minutes, with joint weight of 100%.

For the  grade improvement/final examination, there will be a single theoretical / practical test, encompassing the entire program.

The final grade can be adjusted by more or less 1/20, as a function of attendance criteria, interest expressed by the subjects and participation in the classes.

Examinations or Special Assignments

Not planned.

Internship work/project

Not applicable.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

According to the FEUP rules, with the same format and rules of the resit exam.

Classification improvement

According to the FEUP rules, simultaneously and with the same format and rules of the resit exam.