Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering

Code:

EC0050

Acronym:

DEES

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Structures

Instance: 2018/2019 - 1S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Structural Division
Course/CS Responsible:	Master in Civil Engineering

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MIEC	32	Syllabus since 2006/2007	5	-	5	60	133

Teaching language

Suitable for English-speaking students

Objectives

1- This course aims to act as complement of the understanding of analysis formulation of linear systems under deterministic dynamic excitation, so this course aims to act as an extension of the course Structural Analysis II. This course also presentes some basic procedures for experimental dynamic analysis.
2- This course also aims to acquaint students with the application of methods of structural dynamics to the analysis of the structural behaviour under dynamic excitations. It will be given a special emphasis on the seismic response of building structures regarding the regulations RSA (Regulamento de Segurança e Acções para Estruturas de Edifícios e Pontes – Regulation for the Security and Actions for Building and Bridges Structures); REBAP (Regulamento de Estruturas de Betão Armado e Pré-Esforçado- Regulation for the Reinforced and Pre-stressed Concrete Structures); Eurocode 8 and Eurocode 2.
3- This course also aims to acquaint students with the basic principles of seismic design, relating them with the regulations and stress its importance on the design of seismic resistant structures. 

Learning outcomes and competences

SKILLS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Knowledge- Identify the concepts and characteristics of the formulation of the equilibrium equations in structural dynamics. Describe the main methods of dynamic analysis of structural systems under several types of dynamic actions. Identify the key aspects of the seismic response of structures in Civil Engineering, outlining basic aspects concerning the non-linear behavior of structures. Illustrate and reinforce important concepts such as ductility, hysteretic behavior, energy dissipation and its importance in the seismic performance of structures. Describe methods of distribution of horizontal loads on building structures and consequent effects on obtaining structural dynamic responses. Identify key aspects to achieve a good earthquake-resistant design of structures.

 

Understanding and application - Interpret and solve a set of practical problems of civil engineering structures subjected to general dynamic actions, and in particular under seismic actions, using the methods taught to calculate the dynamic response. Apply some knowledge of the experimental evaluation of the dynamic response of small physical models, seeking to accomplish behavior predictions based on numerical simulations.

Analysis - Analyze and distinguish the particularities of the dynamic response of civil engineering structures (single degree of freedom, generalized single degree of freedom and multi-degree of freedom) in face of the characteristics and of the type of actions applied (effect of the initial conditions; response under harmonic load, impulsive load, any dynamic load and seismic actions).

Working method

Presencial

Pre-requirements (prior knowledge) and co-requirements (common knowledge)

Previous required skills: Topics of structural analysis and structural behaviour already taught and addressed in disciplines such as Structural Mechanics, Stength of Materials, Theory of Structures and Reinforced Concrete Structures. Therefeore these areas are strong prerequisites to the present course on Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering.

Program

Part 1: Structural Dynamics

Importance of structural analysis of dynamics in the context of Civil Engineering

Linear systems (oscillators) with one degree of freedom
- revision of some themes of the course Structural Analysis II: mathematical model; free vibration response with and without damping; response to a sinusoidal excitation; experimental identification of natural frequency and of damping coefficient
- shape functions and one degree of freedom systems
- Harmonic excitation
- Duhamel integral and Fourier analysis
- Seismic response of a linear oscillator of one degree of freedom
- Rayleigh method

Linear systems with different degrees of freedom
Revision of some themes of the Structural Analysis II course: mathematical model; free vibration response with and without damping; sinusoidal excitation response; experimental identification of natural frequency and of damping coefficient
- Rayleigh method (seismic response) particular case of modal superposition
- Rayleigh’s damping matrix and how to get it; other formulations
- Dynamic analysis of time integration


Part II: Seismic Engineering
Seismic dimensioning: fundamentals
- direct dimensioning (RSA and EC8)
- dimensioning by its resistance; fundamentals and references to EC8
- control methods and seismic performance; pushover analysis (EC8) and non-linear dynamic analysis
- seismic design according to EC8; general principles, aims, concepts and methodologies; main changes on RSA: ductility classes; structural regularity conditions; behaviour coefficients; elastic response spectrum and design response spectrum; seismic resistant structures; a brief overview on dimensioning related with ductility classes

Distribution of Syllabus content: Scientific content 70%; Technologic content 30%.

DEMONSTRATION OF THE SYLLABUS COHERENCE WITH THE CURRICULAR UNIT'S OBJECTIVES:
The dynamic analysis of structures follows the analysis under static loads of taught in Structural Analysis 1 and 2, constituting a development and acquisition of additional knowledge on the behavior of structures. The need to regulate the use of dynamic analysis (especially seismic) in the practice of Civil Engineering, coupled with the powerful computational resources already available, emphasizes the relevance of Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering subjects which already has about 25 year Civil Engineering course at FEUP.

Mandatory literature

Anil K. Chopra; Dynamics of Structures. ISBN: 0-13-521063-1

Complementary Bibliography

Ray W. Clough and Joseph Penzien; Dynamics of structures. ISBN: 0-07-113241-4
Mario Paz; Structural dynamics. ISBN: 0-442-31894-4
Mário Lopes (Coordenador); Sismos e Edifícios, Orion, 2008. ISBN: 978-972-8620-11-0

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical classes are used for the presentation of the main concepts and methodologies, duly complemented by the presentation of some applications, as well as of some experimental tests on physical models. Practical classes are essentially used go deeper inside the discussion and resolution of practical problems suggested in the theoretical classes.

DEMONSTRATION OF THE COHERENCE BETWEEN THE TEACHING METHODOLOGIES AND THE LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Interpret and solve a set of practical problems in structures of civil engineering required by dynamic actions in general and seismic in particular, using the methods taught in the calculation of dynamic response. Apply some procedures associated with experimental evaluation of the response of small physical models, trying to make predictions of behavior based on numerical simulations. Analyze and distinguishing characteristics of dynamic response of civil engineering structures in the face of the type of applied actions (initial conditions, harmonic actions, impulsive and seismic).

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Exame	75,00
Trabalho escrito	25,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Designation	Time (hours)
Estudo autónomo	60,00
Frequência das aulas	60,00
Total:	120,00

Eligibility for exams

Achieving final classification requires compliance with attendance of the theoretical and practical classes of the course unit, according to the MIEC assessment rules. It is considered that students meet the attendance requirements if, having been regularly enrolled, the number of absences of 25% for each of the classes’ types is not exceeded.

 

Are exempted from verification of attendance conditions: i) the cases provided for by law, including working students; ii) students who were admitted to examination in the previous school year.

 

 

 

To the obtained frequency or attendance can be associated a classification that results from performing 2 optional practical applications of the course contents, reported in 2 written resolution reports that have to be duly delivered to the instructors for assessment and evaluation.

 

Calculation formula of final grade

The final classification or grade is made on the basis of a distributed assessment, which consists of two practical works realized outside of the class period, and a final exam. The distributed evaluation is optional or of non-compulsory character. All assessment components are expressed on a scale of 0 to 20.

The final classification (CF) or final grade, results from applying the following formula:

CF = max {CT, EF}

where

CT = PA / 2 x CAD1 + PA / 2 x CAD2 + PF x EF

CAD1 - classification of practical work 1 (achieved outside of the class period);

CAD2 - classification of practical work 2 (achieved outside of the class period);

EF – classification of the final exam to be performed in the Normal exam period or in the Recourse or make-up exam period.

To the classifications or grades CAD1, CAD2 and EF are associated the following weights: PA = 25% ; PF = 75%

NOTE 1: The practical works associated with ratings CAD1 and CAD2 are optional. If the student does not perform any of these tests, the respective weights are added to PF.

NOTE 2: All students enrolled in the course are classified according to this method.

NOTE 3: Students who have attended the course in the previous academic year may take advantage of attendance already obtained in the previous year, but the classification of distributed component evaluation should be obtained in the current academic year of enrollment. 

NOTE 4: Students who wish to obtain a final grade over 17 must have at least 17,5 in the final exam and apply for an oral exam.

Examinations or Special Assignments

Fianl exam and practical works of synthesis and application of the knowledge and methods taught in this structural dynamics course.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

SPECIAL RULES FOR STUDENTS under ERASMUS MOBILITY or equivalent: Proficiency in Portuguese and / or English. Frequency and successful approval in the introductory or prerequisite graduate courses outlined in the scientific field addressed in this module, or proof of having the knowledge outlined in the required special skills. Assessment by examination and / or practical work(s) defined in accordance with the student profile.

SPECIAL RULES FOR SIMILAR WORKING STUDENTS: Students with student worker status or similar, are exempt from the practical work, and shall perform only the final exam (0 to 20 grade system) in which they will have to obtain a minimum of 9.5. If required by the Faculty Instructor, the final grade can be complemented with the development of an oral examination. TheNormaland Recourse or make-up exam periods will be conducted under the same conditions and the same date of the remaining students.

Classification improvement

The improvement of the grade achieved during Normal exam period, can be achieved in the Recourse or make-up exam period under the same conditions.

Observations

Previous required skills: Topics of structural analysis and structural behaviour already taught and addressed in disciplines such as Structural Mechanics, Stength of Materials, Theory of Structures and Reinforced Concrete Structures. Therefeore these areas are strong prerequisites to the present course on Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering.

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Estimated working time outside of class attendance: 4 hours per week.