Code: | EM0034 | Acronym: | MF II |
Keywords | |
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Classification | Keyword |
OFICIAL | Heat Transfer and Fluid |
Active? | Yes |
Responsible unit: | Fluids and Energy Division |
Course/CS Responsible: | Master in Mechanical Engineering |
Acronym | No. of Students | Study Plan | Curricular Years | Credits UCN | Credits ECTS | Contact hours | Total Time |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MIEM | 200 | Syllabus since 2006/2007 | 3 | - | 6 | 58,5 | 162 |
Analyse, understand and characterize the behaviour of internal flows, the energetic needs of a fluid flow and the functioning of centrifugal pumps and fans, the measurement of fundamental quantities in fluid flows, the interaction between a moving fluid and an immersed body and some fundamental aspects of compressible flows, in view of solving problems of fluid mechanics in engineering.
COMPRESSIBLE FLOW
Limit of incompressibility. Mach number. Sound propagation and speed of sound. Mach cone. Permanent, adiabatic and isentropic flow. Stagnation properties, critical properties and sonic point.
Isentropic flow with section changes - producing of a supersonic flow.
Critical area, critical pressure and critical mass flux. Choking.
Normal shock wave.
INTERNAL FLOWS
Flow regimes and Reynolds number (rev.).
Entrance length and developed flow. Velocity profiles in pipes.
Head loss in smooth pipes of circular cross section. Darcy-Weisbach equation.
Laminar flow solution.
Turbulent flow. Laminar and turbulent stresses. Turbulent viscosity.
Velocity profile: Wall law, logarithmic overlap law, Blasius law.
Solution of turbulent flow in smooth pipes. Effect of roughness. Colebrook and Haaland equations. Moody chart.
Minor losses in pipes. Loss coefficient and equivalente length.
Losses in non-circular ducts.
Types of problems involving head losses. Flow rate determination. Dimensioning of pipes.
Multiple pipe systems.
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS AND FANS
Elementary notions of the operation of pumps and fans. Classification. Velocity triangles. Integral estimate of the head and flux of a centrifugal pump.
Characteristic curves of total head, power and efficiency.
Pre-selection of pumps and fans.
Operating point. Stability.
Association pumps in series and in parallel.
Cavitation. Suction capacity of a pump. NPSH
SPEED, FLUX AND PRESSURE MEASUMENTS
Gauge tubes and pressure transducers.
Flow meters of fixed and variable obstruction. Thin-plate orifice. Venturi. Rotameter. Turbine and electromagnetic flow meters.
Pitot tube and Prandtl probe. Thermal, ultrasonic and laser-Doppler anemometry.
EXTERNAL FLOWS
Forces on a body immersed in a flow. Aerodynamic coefficients.
Flow over a flat plate. Boundary layer. Flow regimes.
Laminar boundary layer. Integral estimates and differential formulation. Prandtl / Blasius solution.
Turbulent boundary layer. Approximate solutions. Logarithmic law.
Drag on a flat plate. Influence of surface roughness.
Boundary layer in the presence of a pressure gradient.
Flows around blunt bodies. Drag. Viscous and pressure components.
Lift. Flow around airfoils. Pressure distribution on the surface.
Aerodynamic stall.
Influence of finite span.
The course is organized in three classes per week, each one with a duration of 1.5 hour. Two sessions are theoretical and the other one a teoretical-pratical session.
There will be three 2 hour lab session.
Designation | Weight (%) |
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Exame | 60,00 |
Teste | 30,00 |
Trabalho laboratorial | 10,00 |
Total: | 100,00 |
Designation | Time (hours) |
---|---|
Estudo autónomo | 101,00 |
Frequência das aulas | 59,00 |
Trabalho laboratorial | 6,00 |
Total: | 166,00 |
Attendance of, at least, 70% of theoretical-practical and lab sessions.
Not planned.
According to FEUP regulations, simultaneously with improvement/final examination, with the same rules.
Language of instruction: Portuguese