Aquatic Aninal Pathology and Sanitary Safety

Code:

RM18

Acronym:

PCSAA

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Aquaculture and Fisheries

Instance: 2024/2025 - 2S (of 14-02-2000 to 18-07-2025)

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Microscopy
Course/CS Responsible:	Master Degree in Marine Sciences - Marine Resources

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MCMRM	0	Oficial Plan 2018	1	-	5	50	135

Teaching language

Suitable for English-speaking students
Obs.: Inglês, se necessário | English, if needed

Objectives

Learning outcomes and competences

1st. Learn and use appropriate language in the context of pathology and health control.

2nd. Identify and understand the key mechanisms underlying basic disease processes.

3rd. Recognize the main morphological characteristics of elementary lesions in pathology.

4th. Able to establish bridges between aspects and pathological signs and symptoms of disease.

5th. Know the concepts and procedures in health and health of aquatic animals.

6th. Knowing identify the etiologic agents and the most common diseases in aquaculture animals.

7th. Know the main taxonomic groups of the main fish parasites and the life cycles of the latter.

Working method

Presencial

Program

THEORY AND PRACTICAL (LABORATORIAL) CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION TO FISH PATHOLOGY AND PARASITOSIS

GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO PATHOLOGY

1. Fundamentals of pathological processes
1.1. Cellular responses to aggression
1.2. Acute inflammation, repair and regeneration
1.3. Chronic inflammation
1.4. Deregulation of growth
1.5. Dysplasia and neoplasia
1.6. Myocardial necrosis and

2. Principles of fish pathology and systemic toxicopathology.

3. Work topics: water quality and relationship with the disease; stress and illness; environmental diseases in intensive culture; analgesia, anaesthesia and euthanasia.

PARASITOLOGY IN PISCICULTURE AND WILD FISH

I. Super-filo Alveolata

1.1. Filo Dinoflagellata
1.2. Filo Perkinsozoa
1.3. Filo Ciliophora 
1.4. Filo Apicomplexa
1.4.1. Class Conoidasida

2. Filo Microsporodia

3. Flagelados
3.1. Filo Euglenozoa
3.2. Filo Metamonada: Hexamita spp.

4. Filo Amoebozoa

II. Filo Myxozoa

1. Class Myxosporea

2. Class Malacosporea

III. Helmintes

1. Filo Platyhelminthes
1.1. Class Monogenea
1.2. Class Trematoda

2. Filo Nematoda

3. Filo Acanthocephala

IV. Crustacea

1. Class Maxillopoda

2. Class Malacostraca

V. Hirudíneos

VI. Moluscs

HEALTH MONITORING OF AQUATIC ANIMALS

INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH AND HEALTH OF AQUATIC ANIMALS

1st. Health - Causes of disease; major pathogenic factors, predisposing factors of the disease, the consequences of the disease, impact of the disease on reproductive activity, production technologies and implications for health; prophylaxis; health policy.

2nd. Hygiene - Major push factors of unhealthiness in marine aquatic species. Anthropogenic natural. The importance of species.

3rd. Hygiene and Public Health - Quality of shellfish waters. Illnesses and diseases transmitted through the consumption of fish and invertebrates from fishing or aquaculture. Public health inspection (bivalves).

PATHOLOGY OF HEALTH AND MARINE INVERTEBRATES

1 Introduction - Basic concepts, the importance of hygiene and sanitation in animal production; factors disturbing the equilibrium state sanitary-hygienic, economic importance to the sector.

2nd. Health bivalve molluscs - Disease; species ecology; interrelationships of sanity with the media, the causes of disease, intercurrent factors.

3rd. Defence mechanisms in marine invertebrates - physical, humoral, cellular.

4th. The pathogens - agents polluters; physical agents, biological agents - parasitic and microbial, other aggressors.

5th. Monitoring - in culture systems intensive and extensive.

6th. Pathology of crustaceans.

PATHOLOGY AND HEALTH OF FISH

1st. Introduction - Aquaculture / fish farming and the relationship between the industrialization of the production process and the outbreak of diseases in fish, with epizootic proportions. Concepts prophylaxis health requirements for fish.

2nd. Harvesting and sending material to the laboratory for research on diseases of fish - Approach to properly collect and send samples to the laboratory and information of interest to the development of backstory.

3rd. Zoonoses transmitted by consumption of fish - Measures of prophylaxis and current legislation to protect public health.

4th. Theoretical notions of therapy in aquaculture - Legislative Summary of use of medicinal substances in aquaculture; interpretation of results and treatment recommendations.

PATHOLOGY AND HEALTH OF TURTLES (HOT TPOIC)

1. Introduction to the most common pathologies, both in wild animals and (and above all) in captivity.

THE END

Note: depending on the progress of teaching, there may be occasional changes.

Mandatory literature

Galina Jeney; Fish Diseases: Prevention and Control Strategies {1st edition}, Academic Press, 2017. ISBN: 0128045647
Geraldine O'Dowd, Sarah Bell, Sylvia Wright; Wheater's Pathology: A Text, Atlas and Review of Histopathology {6th edition}, Elsevier, 2019. ISBN: 0702075590
Stephen A. Smith; Fish Diseases and Medicine {1st Edition}, CRC Press, 2019. ISBN: 1498727867
Noelia Carrasco, Susan Ford and Robert Anderson; Pathogens and Disease Processes in Marine Molluscs, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 131, 1-256, 2015

Complementary Bibliography

Gregory A. Lewbart; Invertebrate Medicine, 3rd Edition, Wiley-Blackwell, 2022. ISBN: 978-1-119-56943-5
Hugh Ferguson, Ellen Bjerkas, Oystein Evensen; Systemic Pathology of Fish: A Text and Atlas of Normal Tissue Responses in Teleosts, and Their Responses in Disease (2nd edition), Scotian Press , 2006. ISBN: 0955303702
Jorge Eiras, H. Segner, T. Wahli; Fish Diseases (2 vols), Science Publishers, CRC Press, 2008. ISBN: 1578084385.
Ronald J. Roberts; ; Fish Pathology (4rd Edition), Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. ISBN: 1444332821

Teaching methods and learning activities

Lectures, practical classes and classes with student interventions and discussion of topics.

keywords

Natural sciences > Environmental science > Natural resources management > Aquaculture
Natural sciences > Biological sciences > Biology > Microbiology
Health sciences > Medical sciences > Medicine > General pathology
Health sciences > Medical sciences > Veterinary medicine
Natural sciences > Biological sciences > Biology > Histology

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Exame	65,00
Trabalho escrito	30,00
Trabalho laboratorial	5,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Designation	Time (hours)
Estudo autónomo	65,00
Frequência das aulas	30,00
Trabalho escrito	20,00
Trabalho laboratorial	20,00
Total:	135,00

Eligibility for exams

Participation in 3/4 of the classes. 

Calculation formula of final grade

Final grade = Final exam grade x 0.65 + Continuous assessment grade x 0.35

Examinations or Special Assignments

Continuous assessment results from research, analysis and critical presentation of topics selected by the course coordinator. Information on attitude and performance in practical classes will be considered, including the quality of reports made on practical activities.

Classification improvement

By repeating the exam after approval of the course. By its nature, the component of continuous assessment cannot be improved.