Aquatic Aninal Pathology and Sanitary Safety

Code:

RM18

Acronym:

PCSAA

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Aquaculture and Fisheries

Instance: 2019/2020 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Microscopy
Course/CS Responsible:	Master Degree in Marine Sciences - Marine Resources

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MCMRM	6	Oficial Plan 2018	1	-	5	50	135

Teaching language

Suitable for English-speaking students
Obs.: Inglês, se necessário | English, if needed

Objectives

Learning outcomes and competences

1st. Learn and use appropriate language in the context of pathology and health control.

2nd. Identify and understand the key mechanisms underlying basic disease processes.

3rd. Recognize the main morphological characteristics of elementary lesions in pathology.

4th. Able to establish bridges between aspects and pathological signs and symptoms of disease.

5th. Know the concepts and procedures in health and health of aquatic animals.

6th. Knowing identify the etiologic agents and the most common diseases in aquaculture animals.

7th. Know the main taxonomic groups of the main fish parasites and the life cycles of the latter.

Working method

Presencial

Program

THEORY AND PRACTICAL CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION TO GENERAL AND SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGY AND TO PARASITOLOGY OF FISH

1. Fundamentals of pathological processes
1.1. Cellular responses to aggression
1.2. Acute inflammation, repair and regeneration
1.3. Chronic inflammation
1.4. Deregulation of growth
1.5. Dysplasia and neoplasia
1.6. Myocardial necrosis and

2. Principles of fish pathology and systemic toxicopathology

PARASITOLOGY IN PISCICULTURE

I. Super-filo Alveolata

1.1. Filo Dinoflagellata: Amyloodinium oocelatum; Piscinoodinium pillulare
1.2. Filo Perkinsozoa: Perkinsoide chabelardi
1.3. Filo Ciliophora 
1.3.1. Perítricos: Chilodonella spp.; Trichodina spp.
1.3.2. Holótricos: Cryptocaryon irritans; Ichthyophthirius multifiliis; Philasterides dicentrarchi
1.4. Filo Apicomplexa
1.4.1. Class Conoidasida: Eimeria spp.; Goussia spp.; Calyptospora spp.; Cryptosporidium spp.

2. Filo Microsporodia: Glugea spp.; Loma spp.; Pleistophora spp.

3. Flagelados
3.1. Filo Euglenozoa: Ichthyobodo necator; Cryptobia spp.; Trypanosoma granulosum
3.2. Filo Metamonada: Hexamita spp.

4. Filo Amoebozoa: Acanthamoeba spp.

II. Filo Myxozoa

1. Class Myxosporea: Ceratonova shasta; Enteromyxum spp.; Kudoa spp.; Myxobolus cerebralis; Sphaerospora testicularis

2. Class Malacosporea: Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae

III. Helmintes

1. Filo Platyhelminthes
1.1. Class Monogenea
1.1.1. Subclass Monopisthocotylea: Dactylogyrus spp.; Pseudodactylogyrus spp.; Diplectanum spp.; Gyrodactylus spp.; Lamellodiscus spp.
1.1.2. Subclass Polyopisthocotylea: Microcotyle spp.
1.2. Class Trematoda
1.2.1. Subclass Digenea: Crepidostomum farionis; Clinostomum spp.; Posthodiplostomum spp. 1.3. Classe Cestoda: Bothriocephalus spp.

2. Filo Nematoda: Anguillicola crassus; Anisakis spp.; Goezia spp.; Hysterothylacium aduncum; Philometra spp.

3. Filo Acanthocephala: Acanthocephalus spp.

IV. Crustacea

1. Class Maxillopoda
1.1. Subclass Copepoda (copépodes): Caligus spp.; Lernaea cyprinacea; Lepeophtheirus salmonis 
1.2. Subclass Branchiura (braquiúros): Argulus foliaceus

2. Class Malacostraca
2.1. Subclass Isopoda (isópodes): Paragnathia formica

V. Hirudíneos

VI. Moluscs (glochidia)

HEALTH MONITORING OF AQUATIC ANIMALS

INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH AND HEALTH OF AQUATIC ANIMALS

1st. Health - Causes of disease; major pathogenic factors, predisposing factors of the disease, the consequences of the disease, impact of the disease on reproductive activity, production technologies and implications for health; prophylaxis; health policy.

2nd. Hygiene - Major push factors of unhealthiness in marine aquatic species. Anthropogenic natural. The importance of species.

3rd. Hygiene and Public Health - Quality of shellfish waters. Illnesses and diseases transmitted through the consumption of fish and invertebrates from fishing or aquaculture. Public health inspection (bivalves).

PATHOLOGY OF HEALTH AND MARINE INVERTEBRATES

1 Introduction - Basic concepts, the importance of hygiene and sanitation in animal production; factors disturbing the equilibrium state sanitary-hygienic, economic importance to the sector.

2nd. Health bivalve molluscs - Disease; species ecology; interrelationships of sanity with the media, the causes of disease, intercurrent factors.

3rd. Defense mechanisms in marine invertebrates - physical, humoral, cellular.

4th. The pathogens - agents polluters; physical agents, biological agents - parasitic and microbial, other aggressors.

5th. Monitoring - in culture systems intensive and extensive.

6th. Pathology of crustaceans.

PATHOLOGY AND HEALTH OF FISH

1st. Introduction - Aquaculture / fish farming and the relationship between the industrialization of the production process and the outbreak of diseases in fish, with epizootic proportions. Concepts prophylaxis health requirements for fish.

2nd. Harvesting and sending material to the laboratory for research on diseases of fish - Approach to properly collect and send samples to the laboratory and information of interest to the development of backstory.

3rd. Zoonoses transmitted by consumption of fish - Measures of prophylaxis and current legislation to protect public health.

4th. Theoretical notions of therapy in aquaculture - Legislative Summary of use of medicinal substances in aquaculture; interpretation of results and treatment recommendations.

PATHOLOGY AND HEALTH OF TURTLES

1. Introduction focusing on the most frequent pathologies in both wildlife as (and especially) in captivity.

THE END

Mandatory literature

Geraldine O'Dowd, Sarah Bell, Sylvia Wright; Wheater's Pathology: A Text, Atlas and Review of Histopathology {6th edition}, Elsevier, 2019. ISBN: 0702075590
Noelia Carrasco, Susan Ford and Robert Anderson; Pathogens and Disease Processes in Marine Molluscs, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 131, 1-256, 2015
Stephen A. Smith; Fish Diseases and Medicine {1st Edition}, CRC Press, 2019. ISBN: 1498727867

Complementary Bibliography

Galina Jeney; Fish Diseases: Prevention and Control Strategies {1st edition}, Academic Press, 2017. ISBN: 0128045647
Gregory A. Lewbart; Invertebrate Medicine, 2nd Edition, Wiley-Blackwell , 2011. ISBN: 0813817587
Hugh Ferguson, Ellen Bjerkas, Oystein Evensen; Systemic Pathology of Fish: A Text and Atlas of Normal Tissue Responses in Teleosts, and Their Responses in Disease (2nd edition), Scotian Press , 2006. ISBN: 0955303702
Ronald J. Roberts; ; Fish Pathology (4rd Edition), Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. ISBN: 1444332821

Teaching methods and learning activities

Lectures, practical classes and classes with student interventions and discussion of topics.

keywords

Natural sciences > Environmental science > Natural resources management > Aquaculture
Natural sciences > Biological sciences > Biology > Microbiology
Health sciences > Medical sciences > Medicine > General pathology
Health sciences > Medical sciences > Veterinary medicine
Natural sciences > Biological sciences > Biology > Histology

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Exame	75,00
Trabalho escrito	25,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Designation	Time (hours)
Estudo autónomo	85,00
Frequência das aulas	50,00
Total:	135,00

Eligibility for exams

Participation in 3/4 of the classes. 

Calculation formula of final grade

Final grade = Final exam grade x 0.75 + Continuous assessment grade x 0.25

Examinations or Special Assignments

Research, analysis and critical presentation of topics selected by the course coordinator.

Classification improvement

By repeating the exam after a first approval.