Genetics

Code:

MA226

Acronym:

GEN

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	General and Aquatic Biology

Instance: 2013/2014 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Microscopy
Course/CS Responsible:	Aquatic Sciences

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
LCMA	43	Plan 2012 to 2017	2	-	5	49	135

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

Provide the students with knowledge in several areas of genetics and its application in basic research - characterization of species-evolution studies - and applied research - environmental genotoxicity, conservation of species and animal breeding and improvement. The curricular unity comprises of two parts: Formal and Population Genetics and Cytogenetics.

Learning outcomes and competences

It is expected for the sudents to get basic knowledge in all proposed aims, giving competence to future studies in advanced genetics.

Working method

Presencial

Program

Mendelism (revision): independent segregation. Introduction to genetic linkage. Dihybrid crossing and test crossing. Mapping based on recombination fraction. Population Genetics: phenotypic and genotypic variability. Calculation of genotype frequencies and allele frequencies. Hardy and Weinberg equilibrium for  codominant locus and multiple alleles Hardy and Weinberg equilibrium for cases of complete dominance. Alteration of gene frequencies: mutation and migration. Alterations  of gene frequencies: small populations and genetic drift. Alteration of gene frequencies: Selection - against  recessives, against dominants, in favor of heterozygotes. Situation of genetic equilibrium: heterosis, balance between mutation and selection.

Introduction to cytogenetics; chromosomes in the cell cycle, morphology of chromosomes, karyotyping, structure and function of chromatin and chromosomes; numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations, causes and consequences; the sex chromosomes, sexual differentiation; mutations, biomarkers, application of cytogenetics to aquatic organisms: environmental genotoxicity , conservation of species and animal breeding and improvement.

Mandatory literature

Griffiths Anthony J. F. 070; introduction to genetic analysis. ISBN: 978-0-7167-6887-6
Klug William S.; Essentials of genetics. ISBN: 0-13-129029-0
Pisano E 340; Fish cytogenetics. ISBN: 978-1-57808-330-5
Azevedo Carlos 340; Biologia celular e molecular. ISBN: 972-757-354-1
Lacadena Juan-Ramón; Citogenética. ISBN: 84-89365-58-X

Complementary Bibliography

Purdom Colin E.; Genetics and fish breeding. ISBN: 0-412-33040-7

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical and practical classes (exercises, computer simulations, practical work). Use of audiovisual methods either in theoretical or practical classes.

Evaluation Type

Evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Exame	100,00
Participação presencial	0,00
Total:	100,00

Eligibility for exams

The practical class attendance required is 75% in each of the parts.

Calculation formula of final grade

The final grade is the average grade of the two parts; the student must obtain, in each part, the minimum score of 9.5.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Final exam

Classification improvement

Final exam

Observations

At the time of appeal and to obtain approval, students must only perform the exam of the part that they had a grade below 9.5.