General Physiology

Code:

MV123

Acronym:

FG

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Basic Sciences

Instance: 2008/2009 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Web Page:	Em construção
Responsible unit:	Imuno-Physiology and Pharmacology
Course/CS Responsible:	Integrated Masters Degree in Veterinary Medicine

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MIMV	119	Plan 2007 to 2017	1	-	4,5	68	121,5

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

To study the normal function of biological systems in mammals with emphasis on the homeosthatic mechanisms

Program

PRESENTATION: General and specific objectives. Contents. General organization. Teaching and learning methods. Evaluation.
BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT: Specific transport systems and cellular function. Important gradients in Physiology. The lipid pathway. Permeability. Pumps, translocators and transmembranar hydrophilic channels. Origin of membrane potential. Methods to study ion transport. Functional integration of biological transport at cell, tissue and organ level.
BIOENERGETICS AND CELL METABOLISM: Introduction. Homeostasis. Glucid metabolism and ATP synthesis. Survey of carbohydrates, lipid and protein metabolism. Metabolic role of liver. Energetic balance and metabolic rate.
ENDOCRINE FUNCTION: Definition, chemical nature, synthesis and hormone transport. Action at cellular level: receptors and 2nd messengers. The hypothalamus. Endocrine function of the Hypophysis, Pancreas, Thyroid Adrenal Steroid Hormones and gonads. Calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Bone Physiology. Modelling and remodelling and their control: parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, VIT D and its metabolites.
RESPIRATORY FUNCTION. Mechanics of ventilation. Physical principles of gas exchanges. Gas exchange in the lungs. Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. Gas exchanges in the tissue. Respiratory volumes. Respiratory control.
RENAL FUNCTION Body compartments. Organization of the urinary system.
Structure and function of the kidneys. Glomerular filtration and renal blood flow.
Glomerular and tubular functions and their control. Regulation of body osmolarity. Urine concentration and dilution. Balance of water, sodium, potassium, urea and protons. Blood and extracellular volume regulation: the roles of the kidney and the thirst mechanism
ACID-BASE BALANCE: pH effect on some physiological processes. Protons balance and distribution and its regulation. Buffer mechanisms: chemical and physiological. The role of buffers, kidney and lung in the regulation of proton balance. Acid-base balance disturbances: respiratory and metabolic acidosis and alkalosis.
CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION: The cardiac muscle: characteristics and electrophysiology. The cardiac cycle. Cardiac output and venous return. Hemodynamics. Flow, pressure and resistance control throughout the vascular system. Arterial pressure and circulation. The regulation of blood pressure . Microcirculation.

Practical lessons

Numerical simulations
.Numerical simulation of a single cell
•Acid-base regulation: a mathematical model.


Laboratory classes
•Determination of the Metabolic rate in the rat
•Action of insulin and adrenaline in glycemia
•Measurement of glomerular filtration rate in the rabbit
. Cardiovascular function. ECG.

Mandatory literature

Boron Walter F.; Medical physiology. ISBN: 0-7216-3256-4
Guyton Arthur C.; Textbook of medical physiology. ISBN: 0-7216-1260-1

Complementary Bibliography

Widmaier Eric P.; Vander, Sherman & Luciano, fisiologia humana. ISBN: 85-277-1217-2
Levick. JR; Cardiovascular Physiology, Arnold ed, London, 2007. ISBN: 9780340809211

Teaching methods and learning activities

Traditional lectures (2 hours per week). A copy of the slides and the learning objectives of the lecture are available for the students;
Practical work (2 hours per week), laboratorial work (small groups); mathematical models to simulate several physiological situations

Software

www.berkeleymadonna.com

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Description	Type	Time (hours)	Weight (%)	End date
Subject Classes	Participação presencial	64,00
	Total:	-	0,00

Eligibility for exams

To be approved in the practical course

Calculation formula of final grade

The evaluation is made by the sum of the note obtained in the practical course (5 values) and by the note obtained in the theoretical examination (15 values).
Theoretical evaluation
Students can opt to the accomplishment of parcelar tests (2) or the final examination. The final examination (or parcelar tests) consists of of multiple choice questions test. To be approved students must obtain in the theoretical test a note equal or superior to 7,5/15.
Practical evaluation
Practical evaluation is the sum of the theoretician-practical test (3 values) and the obtained in the reports of the laboratoriais works (2 values).
To be approved in the practical course studentes must get a note equal or superior to 1,5/3 in the theoretician-practical test and must attend 2/3 of the practical lessons.
The theoretician-practical test is a test of multiple choice and will become fullfilled in 2ª week to intercalate in date to define for the CP.