General Pathology

Code:

MV227

Acronym:

PG

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Basic Sciences

Instance: 2012/2013 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Molecular Pahology and Immunology
Course/CS Responsible:	Integrated Masters Degree in Veterinary Medicine

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MIMV	53	Plan 2007 to 2017	2	-	5	64	135

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

General Pathology studies the basic principles of pathophysiology necessary for the understanding of animal disease processes. This subject is concerned with the mechanisms underlying disease processes, as manifested by morphologic (gross, cellular, and ultrastructural), physiologic, and biochemical changes. The main objective involves the "Scientific study of disease" and “deals with knowledge of what causes disease, how disease starts, progresses and it explains the reason for signs and symptoms of patient “. To study the structural and functional changes of disease, and to accomplish that task it is a need to have a basic knowledge of normal Anatomy (structure) and Physiology (function), as well as Histology to understand Pathology. Building up your knowledge of "normal" Anatomy, Physiology and Histology may possibly make light to the very confusing situation that can occur due to the reduced amount of knowledge on clinical experience to be acquired in later years. With the introduction to case studies we pretend to develop skills of observation, interpretation, and integration needed to analyze animal disease. When provided with a clinical history, anatomical lesions and some laboratory data of the animal, to determine the most likely diagnosis and to explain the pathogenesis of the disease. In 30 tutorial lectures it is impossible to cover all of the subject material in a very extensive way. The student must read and learn as much as possible from the book to improve his/her knowledge. It is recommended that they read the recommended bibliography textbooks. They can accomplish this by reading 10 pages per day, every day, from beginning of the year to the final exam day. They can supplement this reading with relevant literature find in the online libraries. Lectures serve as an extra to your reading. The main purposes of tutorial lectures are: to make available the latest information that is not yet present in the textbooks; to help separate crucial material from dispensable, and to add wideness to the course by presenting matter and insights not accessible Further reading of a textbook is expected to gain wider and deeper knowledge Attendance in tutorials lectures is mandatory, being considered an factor of continued evaluation.

Working method

Presencial

Program

Theoretical Lectures Introduction to pathology Cellular adaptations, cell injury and cell death Acute and chronic inflammation Tissue repair: cellular growth, fibrosis and wound healing Hemodynamic disorders, thrombosis and shock Genetic disorders Diseases of Immunity Carcinogenesis and Neoplasia Infectious diseases Environmental and Nutritional Pathology Practical Lectures There will be one practical class each week lasting 2 hours. During the practical macroscopic specimen’s pictures, tissue sections and photomicrographs will be examined to further show disease processes and concepts covered in lectures. Microscopes and slide sections are provided for use during the practical sessions. The aim of the practical programme is for students to observe and understand the macroscopic and microscopic features of basic pathological processes, general and important diseases and to learn how to describe and identify them, using proper terminology. Practical handouts will be available online (SIGARRA) to be downloaded a minimum of 1 day prior to each practical. Previous reading is recommended before coming to the practical class. Slide sets and microscopes are available for private study in Braga’s Polo when booked in advance. Recommendation: Purchase of a veterinary histopathology atlas is strongly recommended

Mandatory literature

1. Robbins SL, Cotran RS, Kumar V; Pathologic basis of disease.
2. Pires MA, Seixas Travassos F, Gärtner F; Atlas de Patologia Veterinária
3. Jones TCY, Hunt RD, King NW; Veterinary Pathology

Complementary Bibliography

4. Moulton JE. ; Tumours in domestic animals
4. Moulton JE. ; Tumours in domestic animals
5. Goldschmidt MH, Shofer ES; Skin tumours of the dog and cat

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical lectures Practical lectures (histopathology glass slide cases are integrated into the tutorial sessions, as well as some photographies of organs where those slides were obtained) The main purpose of the glass slides and gross pathology is not to teach the art of morphologic diagnosis, but rather to supply a visual support to the understanding of the mechanisms of disease. Bear in mind that you are to learn CONCEPTS, and NOT just memorize slide patterns.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Eligibility for exams

Final evaluation is composed of theoretical and practical exam, as well as continuing evaluation done a long the year.

Calculation formula of final grade

The evaluation integrates three components: 1. A written theoretical exam (55% of final classification); 2.A practical exam (35% of final classification) 3.Continuing evaluation, what includes oral and/or written presentations (10% of final classification).

Examinations or Special Assignments

There will be two written mid-semester tests which will be held during the intercalary period for evaluations stablished in the Institution. These tests will contribute to the final classification if the student obtains marks equal or superior to 14 out of 20. The students are obliged to do the practical exam on the end of the course. The paper work will be done by all the students and oral presentation too (for the oral presentation two groups will be chosen randomly every week). The groups will present there work using no more then 10-15 minutes, just before the theoretical lecture finishes.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Oral and /or written work of specific papers concerning the scientific field of the subject will be submitted for evaluation every week. They are parte integrant of the continuing education. The continuing education and there evaluation it based on the rate of attendance to tutorial lectures and work presentation.

Classification improvement

Final Classification: 55% written theoretical exam. 35% practical exam 10% continuing evaluation (frequency of attendance at the tutorials lectures; work presentation and practical lectures performance) The point marks obtained at the theoretical and practical exam shouldn't be smaller then 9.5 out of 20 points.

Observations

For the improvement of the final classification the student have to accomplish the main components of the subject (written theoretical and practical exams).