Health effects of exposure to chlorination by-products in swimming pools

• Tipo: Artigo em Revista Científica Internacional
• Data: 2021

Autores

Couto, M (Autor) Outra; Bernard, A (Autor) Outra; Delgado, L (Autor) FMUP; Drobnic, F (Autor) Outra; Kurowski, M (Autor) Outra; Moreira, André (Autor) FMUP; Rodrigues Alves, R (Autor) Outra; Rukhadze, M (Autor) Outra; Seys, S (Autor) Outra; Wiszniewska, M (Autor) Outra; Quirce, S (Autor) Outra

Revista

Título: Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

ISSN: 0105-4538

Editora: Wiley-Blackwell

Indexação

ISI Web of Knowledge - 18 Citações

Scopus - 18 Citações

Outras Informações

ID Authenticus: P-00V-72E

DOI: 10.1111/all.15014

Abstract (EN): Concerns have been raised regarding the potential negative effects on human health of water disinfectants used in swimming pools. Among the disinfection options, the approaches using chlorine-based products have been typically preferred. Chlorine readily reacts with natural organic matter that are introduced in the water mainly through the bathers, leading to the formation of potentially harmful chlorination by-products (CBPs). The formation of CBPs is of particular concern since some have been epidemiologically associated with the development of various clinical manifestations. The higher the concentration of volatile CBPs in the water, the higher their concentration in the air above the pool, and different routes of exposure to chemicals in swimming pools (water ingestion, skin absorption, and inhalation) contribute to the individual exposome. Some CBPs may affect the respiratory and skin health of those who stay indoor for long periods, such as swimming instructors, pool staff, and competitive swimmers. Whether those who use chlorinated pools as customers, particularly children, may also be affected has been a matter of debate. In this article, we discuss the current evidence regarding the health effects of both acute and chronic exposures in different populations (work-related exposures, intensive sports, and recreational attendance) and identify the main recommendations and unmet needs for research in this area.

Idioma: Inglês

Tipo (Avaliação Docente): Científica

Nº de páginas: 19