Uncovering seasonal patterns of 56 pesticides in surface coastal waters of the Ria Formosa lagoon (Portugal), using a GC-MS method

• Type: Article in International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2015

Authors

Cruzeiro, C (Author) Other; rocha, e (Author) ICBAS; Pardal, MA (Author) Other; rocha, mj (Author) ICBAS

Journal

Title: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry

Vol. 95

Pages: 1370-1384

ISSN: 0306-7319

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 9 Citations

Scopus - 10 Citations

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-00G-WK3

DOI: 10.1080/03067319.2015.1100724

Abstract (EN): This study describes the simultaneous quantification of 56 pesticides in surface coastal water, supported by the development and validation of a gas chromatography (GC)-ion trap (IT) mass spectrometry (MS) method. Samples (500mL) were pre-concentrated 2500 times by solid phase extraction (OASISTMHLB). The compounds were identified and quantified, within 35minutes, by GC tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and GC-MS, respectively. The methodology proved to be highly specific for all target pesticides, with an average linearity of 0.99. Detection limits and recovery rates ranged from 0.4 to 1.3ng L-1 and 71% to 120%, respectively. The performance of the method was checked using water samples collected from nine sampling sites along the Ria Formosa Lagoon Natural Park (south of Portugal, n=54) in each season (2010). The total annual concentrations of all pesticides in each category (fungicides, herbicides and insecticides) were 1.4, 0.6 and 9.0 mu gL(-1), respectively. Moreover, 89% of the pesticides tested for were detected, 84% could be quantified and 25% had concentrations above the European recommended levels (2013/39/EU). The highest total loads of pesticides were found in the spring, which is in agreement with their seasonal application. Physicochemical parameters such as, nitrites, nitrates, ammonia and phosphates, also indicate poor water quality, supporting the fact that the Ria Formosa lagoon actually needs an effective monitoring programme for effective preservation of its natural reserve status.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 15