Instrumental Methods of Analysis
Keywords |
Classification |
Keyword |
OFICIAL |
Basic Sciences (Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology) |
Instance: 2024/2025 - 1S 
Cycles of Study/Courses
Acronym |
No. of Students |
Study Plan |
Curricular Years |
Credits UCN |
Credits ECTS |
Contact hours |
Total Time |
L.BIO |
34 |
Syllabus |
3 |
- |
6 |
52 |
162 |
Teaching Staff - Responsibilities
Teaching language
Suitable for English-speaking students
Objectives
The main objectives are:
- Provide an adequate knowledge of the principles, instrumentationand applications of the most commonanalytical techniques,includingatomic and molecular absorption spectroscopy, atomic emission spectroscopy with plasma induction atomization,electrochemical and separative (chromatographic) methods;
- Provide an adequate knowledge of the main processes of extraction and handling of solid, liquid and gaseous samples and their implications in terms of analytical measurement uncertainty;
- Providethe necessary skillsto enablestudents toselect a particularanalytical techniqueto solveaproblem, determine any restrictions, select themost appropriateanalytical method, identify alternatives, compare the advantagesand disadvantages of eachand develop a critical reasoning to interpret analytical results;
- Develop communication skills, particularly of technical results, and group cooperation;
- Encourage the use of foundations of scientific theory to solve real-world problems and develop critical thinking.
Learning outcomes and competences
To achieve these objectives, students should know how to:
- Explain the principles and mode of operation of the most commonly used analytical equipment in the areas of electrochemistry, spectroscopy and chromatography;
- Design an analytic experiment to solve a real problem;
- Conduct a laboratory analysis, according to the Good Laboratory Practices, in hygienic and safe conditions, involving sample handling, extraction, pre-concentration and instrumental measurement and calculate the analytical result and its uncertainty;
- Interpret and communicate an analytical result and produce technical reports;
- Work efficiently in a team.
Working method
Presencial
Pre-requirements (prior knowledge) and co-requirements (common knowledge)
not applicable
Program
Theoretical-practical program:
Introduction. Introduction to the Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Methods of Analysis. Stages of an analytical method. Sample preparation processes (LLE, SPE, SLE and SPME). Basic concepts of validation.
Spectral methods of analysis. Molecular absorption spectroscopy in the UV-Vis. Atomic absorption spectroscopy. Flame atomization, electrothermal and plasma induction. Cold vapor chamber for mercury analysis and hydride generator for arsenic and selenium determination.
Electrochemical methods of analysis. Potentiometric determination with ion-selective electrodes. Introduction to biosensors.
Chromatographic methods. Fundamentals. Chromatography theory. Gas chromatography with flame ionization, electron capture and mass spectrometry detection. High performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet/visible and fluorescence detection.
Laboratory program:
T0. Validation of an analytical method for the analysis of chlorpyrifos in coffee beans by HPLC-UV;
T1. Determination of nickel content in an electronic board by flame AAS;
T2. Validation of an analytical method - Application exercise;
T3. Determination of peroxide content in an oral elixir by molecular absorption spectroscopy using the standard addition method;
T4. Determination of nitrates content in a soil by ion selective electrode with potentiometric detection;
T5. Determination of the concentration of UV-filters in water by HPLC-DAD;
T6. Determination of the ethanol content in an alcohol gel by GC-FID by internal standard method.
The laboratory classes are held in the laboratory of Instrumental Methods of Analysis of DEQ (E105), with 6 groups per class. Students must complete 7 laboratory works (T0-T6).
Mandatory literature
Douglas A. Skoog, Donald M. West, F. James Holler;
Fundamentals of analytical chemistry. ISBN: 0-03-074922-0
Douglas A. Skoog, James J. Leary;
Principles of instrumental analysis. ISBN: 0-03-075398-8
James N. Miller and Jane C. Miller;
Statistics and chemometrics for analytical chemistry. ISBN: 0-13-022888-5
Teaching methods and learning activities
Presential classes supported by audiovisual material, emphasizing the application of knowledge to everyday issues and phenomena related to Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering; Resolution of exercises, as well as on-site laboratory classes to carry out laboratory work with analysis and discussion of results.
keywords
Physical sciences > Chemistry > Instrumental analysis
Evaluation Type
Distributed evaluation without final exam
Assessment Components
Designation |
Weight (%) |
Teste |
30,00 |
Trabalho escrito |
35,00 |
Trabalho laboratorial |
35,00 |
Total: |
100,00 |
Amount of time allocated to each course unit
Designation |
Time (hours) |
Estudo autónomo |
48,00 |
Frequência das aulas |
48,00 |
Trabalho escrito |
40,00 |
Elaboração de relatório/dissertação/tese |
26,00 |
Total: |
162,00 |
Eligibility for exams
Laboratory classes are mandatory to all students, including those under article 4, paragraphs a) and b).
To obtain frequency, the students must have carried out all practical works, delivered the excel data file the week after doing the work, must have shown the correct preparation and execution of the works and must prepare in the laboratory notebook the discussion of the results obtained, which can be checked by the teacher in the week following its completion.
Calculation formula of final grade
Final grade (FG) is given by:
FG = 0.30 MT + 0.35 REL + 0.05 EA + 0.30 EXLAB
where:
MT – average grade of 2 mini-tests of 30 min, scheduled and held during the theoretical-practical classes. Students must obtain a minimum average mark of 7/20. If a student misses any mini-test or does not obtain the minimum mark, he/she will have the opportunity to take an additional mini-test in the last week of classes. If the student does not complete any of the mini-tests or does not obtain a minimum grade, he/she must complete this evaluation component in the special examination period.
REL - grade of 2 reports of practical work carried out in groups, selected by the teacher, according to the following distribution: 15% Interim report + 20% Final Report.
EA - grade of an application exercise carried out during a laboratory lesson, in groups and using an Excel sheet.
EXLAB – grade of the written laboratory examination, which will have questions on the work carried out, including calculations referring to the data obtained in each work.
Students must reach a minimum grade of 10 out of 20 to complete the course.
NOTE: Plagiarism in any written component will be penalized with a zero grade.
Examinations or Special Assignments
Not applicable
Internship work/project
Not applicable
Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)
Exam in the special examination period, according to the general rules. Students must have practical attendance (implies completion of all lab works) and must have an evaluation of the REL component. The final classification (FG1) is given by:
FG1 = 0.60 SE + 0.05 EA + 0.35 REL
where:
SE – exam grade at the special examination period that contains questions equivalent to those of the mini-test and the laboratory exam (minimum grade of 7/20).
Students must reach a minimum grade (FG1) of 10 out of 20 to complete the course.
Classification improvement
Students who have attended classes and have a grade to all evaluation components (MT, REL, EA e EXLAB), but those who have not been approved in the regular examination period, or who wish to improve their grade, may perform the exam at the special examination period. In this case, he Final Grade (FG2) will be given by:
FG2 = 0.60 SE + 0.05 EA + 0.35 REL
where:
SE – grade of the exam at the special examination period that contains questions equivalent to those of the mini-tests and the laboratory exam.
Students must reach a minimum grade (FG2) of 10 out of 20 to complete the course.
Observations
Repeating students with practical frequency who wish to be excused from laboratory classes, must submit a complete report of one of the laboratory works, on an individual basis, to be agreed upon with the professors by the end of September. The final classification (FG3) will be given by:
FG3 = 0.60 SE + 0.40 REL
where: SE – grade of the exam at the special examination period (minimum grade of 7/20).
Students must reach a minimum grade (FG3) of 10 out of 20 to complete the course.