Strength of Materials 2
| Code: | L.EC018 | Acronym: | RM2 |
| Keywords | |
|---|---|
| Classification | Keyword |
| OFICIAL | Basic Sciences |
Instance: 2022/2023 - 2S 
| Active? | Yes |
| Responsible unit: | Construction Materials Division |
| Course/CS Responsible: | Bachelor in Civil Engineering |
Cycles of Study/Courses
| Acronym | No. of Students | Study Plan | Curricular Years | Credits UCN | Credits ECTS | Contact hours | Total Time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L.EC | 229 | Syllabus | 2 | - | 6 | 65 | 162 |
Fields changed: Objectives, Resultados de aprendizagem e competências, Pre_requisitos, Métodos de ensino e atividades de aprendizagem, Fórmula de cálculo da classificação final, Melhoria de classificação, Bibliografia Complementar, Programa, Observações Bibliográficas, Observações, Lingua de trabalho, Obs. da Lingua de trabalho, Bibliografia Obrigatória, Obtenção de frequência
Teaching language
PortugueseObs.: Estudantes estrangeiros que frequentem a unidade curricular pela primeira vez devem compreender e falar Português. Não obstante, podem ser disponibilizados enunciados em Inglês em provas de avaliação e admitidas respostas em Inglês.
Objectives
JUSTIFICATION:
Strength of Materials is an essential area of knowledge in a Civil Engineering degree. It deals with the different models of material behavior, which in the simplest case may be linear-elastic isotropic, and in other cases may include plasticity or brittle rupture effects, among others. It also studies the effects of applied forces and strains imposed on structures composed of linear parts, allowing the resulting stresses and strains to be calculated using simple models. It deals not only with homogeneous members, but also with structural elements composed of two or more materials.
OBJECTIVES:
The main objective of the course unit of Strength of Materials 2 is to develop in the Engineering student the ability to analyze a given structural problem, in a simple and logical way, and to apply some well known fundamental principles in its solution. It is intended that the student is able to determine the stresses and strains in any cross section of a linear member that is part of a reticulated isostatic or hyperstatic structure.
The problems of safety verification and design of real structures are solved in a simplified way, aiming at the acquisition by the student of basic knowledge in the field of Civil Engineering Structures, which will allow their further study in specialization course units.
Learning outcomes and competences
Knowledge: Know the fundamental concepts of Strength of Materials and the simplified models for determining the states of stress and strain in linear members, concerning shear and torsion effects (shear stress effects), combined effects of axial effort and bending moment (composed bending), present in isostatic or one time hyperstatic reticulated structures. Determine the states of stress and strain at a point in a continuous medium (solid mechanics). Know the fundamental concepts of elastic instability in axially compressed bars.
Understanding: Understand the structural behavior in service of three-dimensional reticulated systems. Understand the resistant behavior of linear members. Understand the implications, in terms of stresses and strains, of brittle materials in tension. Understand the determination of stresses and strains, and their principal directions, of plane stress and strain states. Understand the structural behavior of axially compressed bars exposed to elastic instability.
Application: Solve practical exercises directed towards the analysis of real problems in civil engineering.
Analysis: Analyze, discuss, and critically interpret the results, highlighting the models' potentialities and limitations.
Summary: Formulate simple solutions for practical applications in civil engineering.
Rating: Criticize the chosen solutions and methodologies used, demonstrating the capabilities of the models and their limitations.
Working method
PresencialPre-requirements (prior knowledge) and co-requirements (common knowledge)
SPECIAL RULES FOR MOBILITY STUDENTS:
Program
"Technical" shear, elements for the calculation of screwed and welded connections. Interface shear stresses and shear stresses in simple bending. Shear stresses in beams of thin wall and open section. Torsional or shear center. Shear stresses in single-cell box beams. Deformations due to the shear effort, reduced shear section, warping of the transversal sections.
Chapter 2 – Torsion
Bars of circular section. Membrane analogy, rectangular sections, open sections of thin walls. Tubular bars of thin wall, Bredt formulas.
Chapter 3 - Combination of N-M-V-T efforts
3.1. Composite Bending (N, M): Bars subject to composite bending, Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical. Diagram of normal stresses. Concepts of Central Core and Pressure Center. Bars made of non-tensile-resistant materials. Diagram of normal stresses when the pressure center is outside the central core but existing in a symmetry plane.
3.2. Combination of 6 efforts (N, M, V, T): Members subject to the general combination of efforts (N, M, V and T). Identification of stresses near a point according to the cross-sectional plane and according to longitudinal shear plane (cube).
Chapter 4 -Stress state in 2D and 3D
Stress transformation. Mohr's Circle Method. Determination of the principal stresses and their orientation. Stress state in a 3D medium. Circle of Mohr in 3D. Determination of the maximum absolute stresses (normal and tangential). Absolute maximum stresses in thin-wall boilers under internal pressure.
Chapter 5 - Strain state in 2D and 3D
Generalized Hooke's Law. State of strain near a point (cube) associated with its state of stress. Plain Strain State. Principal strains and associated directions.
Chapter 6 – Buckling
Axially compressed bars. Critical loads in perfect and imperfect bars. Concepts of buckling length, slenderness coefficient and buckling coefficients.
DISTRIBUTION OF MATTERS: Chapter 1: 20%; Chapter 2: 15%; Chapter 3: 20%; Chapter 4: 20%; Chapter 5: 10%; Chapter 6: 15%
Scientific Content – 70%
Technology Content – 30%
DEMONSTRATION OF THE SYLLABUS COHERENCE WITH THE CURRICULAR UNIT'S OBJECTIVES:
In this program, the study of Strength of Materials is based on the understanding of the classical simplified models that describe the behavior of materials and structures. The approach followed makes it possible to understand the necessary formulas, and to realize the conditions under which they can be safely applied in the analysis and design of real engineering structures.
Mandatory literature
Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russell Johnston Jr., John T. DeWolf, David. F. Mazurek; Mecânica dos Materiais, MCGRAW-HILL, 2015. ISBN: 9788580554984Victor Dias da Silva; Mecânica e Resistência dos Materiais, Ediliber, 1995
Luis Filipe Pereira Juvandes; Resistência dos Materiais - Parte II, Efeitos Gráficos Unipessoal Lda, 2022
Complementary Bibliography
Russell C. Hibbeler; Mechanics of Materials in SI Units, 10/E. ISBN: 1292178205Comments from the literature
It is recommended to read the explanations about the topics covered in this course unit in at least one of the books indicated as "Compulsory Bibliography".Alternatively, the student may use the book indicated in the "Supplementary Bibliography".
Teaching methods and learning activities
Theoretical-practical classes: synchronous classes with the distribution of worksheets with problems to solve, chapter by chapter; teacher’s support to the students, individually, throughout the solution; if the whole class has a common doubt, the teacher will clear it to the class, so that the problem can be surpassed.
DEMONSTRATION OF THE COHERENCE BETWEEN THE TEACHING METHODOLOGIES AND THE LEARNING OUTCOMES:
The used teaching methodologies allow to solve practical exercises directed to the analysis of real civil engineering problems, analysis, discussion and critical interpretation of results, emphasizing the potential of models and their limitations.
keywords
Technological sciences > Engineering > Civil engineering > Structural engineeringEvaluation Type
Distributed evaluation with final examAssessment Components
| Designation | Weight (%) |
|---|---|
| Teste | 25,00 |
| Exame | 75,00 |
| Total: | 100,00 |
Amount of time allocated to each course unit
| Designation | Time (hours) |
|---|---|
| Estudo autónomo | 65,00 |
| Frequência das aulas | 70,00 |
| Total: | 135,00 |
Eligibility for exams
Attendance is obtained according to the FEUP Specific Regulations for Student Evaluation in force in the present academic year.
A student is considered to have fulfilled the attendance rules to a curricular unit if, having been regularly enrolled, he/she does not exceed the limit number of absences, corresponding to 25% of the Theoretical-Practical classes and 25% of the Theoretical classes of the present academic year.
The following cases are exempt from obtaining Attendance:
- Provided by law;
- Students who have fulfilled the attendance conditions in previous school years, in the L.EC course or in the MIEC course.
This point refers only to the Attendance requirement. The information on how the marks of the Distributed Assessment component are obtained is regulated in the point "Calculation of the Final Classification". It is emphasized that the Distributed Assessment classification is always obtained in the current academic year.
Calculation formula of final grade
1. GENERAL ASPECTS
The Final Grade (CF) is defined based on a Distributed Assessment and a Final Exam in the Regular Season and/or in the Appeal Season. The Distributed Assessment is optional and it is not counted in the case of Exam for Improvement of Classification. Students who do not succed in the Regular Season are admitted to the exam in the Appeal Season. All assessment components are expressed on a scale of 0 to 20.
2. DISTRIBUTED ASSESSMENT (AD)
The Distributed Assessment is optional and is always done for the school year in progress. It consists in two tests (AD1 and AD2), with equal quotations, and a total weight of 25%. These tests are a written test without consultation, on dates to be announced. The matter being evaluated in the 2 tests (AD1 and AD2), in terms of exercise sheets, is published after the publication of the AD Exams calendar defined by the Director of L.EC. The student's classification in the Distributed Assessment is given by:
CAD = 0,5 CAD1 + 0,5 CAD2
where CAD1 and CAD2 represent the student's classification in the testes AD1 and AD2 respectively, rounded to one decimal. If the student does not perform an assessment component, a classification of zero is attributed to that component. The CAD grade is rounded to one decimal.
3. REGULAR SEASON (EN)
The final exam, to be made in the Regular Season, is a written test without consultation, about all of the Course Unit's programme. The Regular Season Classification (N) is given by:
N = max { 0,25 CAD + 0,75 CEN ; CEN }
where CEN represents the student's classification in the Regular Season's final exam, rounded to one decimal. The N grade is rounded to the unit.
4. APPEAL SEASON (ER)
The final exam, to be made in the Appeal Season, is a written test without consultation, about all of the Course Unit's programme. The Appeal Season Classification (R) is given by:
R = max { 0,25 CAD + 0,75 CER ; CER }
where CER represents the student's classification in the Appeal Season's final exam, rounded to one decimal. The R grade is rounded to the unit.
5. CALCULATION OF FINAL GRADE (CF)
The Final Grade (CF) is given by the following formula:
CF = max {N ; R}
The maximum Final Grade CF obtained under the conditions described before is limited to 16 values. To obtain higher classification is necessary to conduct a complementary oral test in conditions to be agreed with the regents of UC (no need to register with FEUP's Central Secretariat).
Examinations or Special Assignments
Not applicable.Internship work/project
Not applicable.Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)
The knowledge assessment for Students who require Special Exams, under the FEUP Evaluation Rules, will be carried out exclusively at a single moment by performing a written exam on all the subjects taught at UC, without consultation. The Special Exam classification, between 0 and 20 points, is rounded to the unit.
SPECIAL RULES FOR MOBILITY STUDENTS:
The assessment of students in these conditions is performed according to the criteria described in the fields "Calculation formula of final grade" and "Classification improvement".
Classification improvement
The Classification Improvement is based on a written test in the Grade Improvement Season (FEUP's Specific Regulation for Student Assessment). The student's classification in that final exam is denoted by CM, between 0 and 20 points. The student's Final Grade is given by:
CM = CEN (ou CER) (rounded to the nearest integer)
CF = max {CA; CM}
where CA represents the student's Approval grade previous.
The maximum Final Grade CF obtained under the conditions described before is limited to 16 values. To obtain higher classification is necessary to conduct a complementary oral test in conditions to be agreed with the regents of UC (no need to register with FEUP's Central Secretariat).
Observations
There will be complementary study material available in the UC Contents on SIGARRA and on the UC Moodle page.
Working time estimated out of classes: 5 hours.
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