Electromagnetic Waves

Code:

EEC0021

Acronym:

OELE

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Telecommunications
OFICIAL	Physics

Instance: 2014/2015 - 1S

Active?	Yes
Web Page:	http://paginas.fe.up.pt/~mines/OE/
Responsible unit:	Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Course/CS Responsible:	Master in Electrical and Computers Engineering

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MIEEC	51	Syllabus	3	-	8	63	216

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

The main objectives of this course are to provide students with technical skills (CDIO 1.1 to 1.3) relative to: • Wave phenomena in transmission lines • Transients in transmission lines • Propagation of plane electromagnetic waves in media with and without loss • Polarization of electromagnetic waves • Energy carried by an electromagnetic wave • Incidence of electromagnetic waves in different media • Propagation of guided electromagnetic waves • Radiation • Operating principles of antennas. It is also included in this course the development of personal and professional skills in engineering (CDIOs 2.1).

Learning outcomes and competences

The student must be able to identify and understand the main requirements, limitations, parameters, and the fundamentals associated with generation, propagation, and radiation of electromagnetic fields. In particular, the student must be able to:

a.       understand the wave characteristics of voltage and current in transmission lines

b.       analyse transmission lines as circuit elements

c.       understand transient phenomena in transmission lines

d.        design impedance matching circuits

e.        understand the physical mechanism behind waveguiding

f.          understand the behaviour of different waveguiding structures

g.        compute the propagation modes and their main characteristics

h.        compute the oscillation frequency of cavities

i.          understand the principles of operation of optical fibres

j.          understand the radiation mechanism

k.        recognize different types of antennas

l.          discuss the fundamental antenna parameters

m.     compute the antenna parameters for linear wire antennas

 

Working method

Presencial

Program

1. A brief review: phasors, Maxwell's equations, scalar one-dimensional wave equation. 2. Transmission Lines. Electrical model of a transmission line. General equations. Wave propagation in transmission lines. Power flow. Lines terminated by arbitrary impedance. The Smith diagram. Impedance matching. Transients 3. Plane electromagnetic waves. Maxwell's equations. Wave equation and Helmholtz equation. Infinite plane waves in lossless media: phase velocity, intrinsic impedance; Doppler effect; polarization plane wave. Plane waves in lossy media: constant propagation, attenuation and phase; dielectric media with low losses and means good drivers; propagation distance. Group velocity. The flow of electromagnetic energy and the Poynting vector. Interface between different media: boundary conditions; Snell's laws of reflection and refraction, total reflection, reflection coefficients and transmission; Brewster angle. 4. Waveguides, cavities and fiber optics. Electromagnetic waves in waveguides. Transverse electromagnetic waves: TM asnd TE waves. Parallel plates waveguides: TE waves and TM waves, propagation velocity; attenuation. Rectangular waveguides: TM waves and TE waves; attenuation. Circular waveguides: Bessel functions; TM and TE waves. Cavities: rectangular and circular cavities; quality factor. Planar dielectric guides : TE and TM waves; relationship between geometric optics and modal analysis; step and graded refractive index. Cylindrical dielectric guides: hybrid waves; characteristic equation; single mode and multimode optical fibers. 5. Antennas and radiation. The elementary electric dipole. The elementary magnetic dipole. Radiation pattern of an antenna. Antenna parameters. Thin linear antennas. Group antennae.

Mandatory literature

Cheng, David K.; Field and wave electromagnetics. ISBN: 0-201-12819-5

Complementary Bibliography

Kraus, John D.; Electromagnetics with applications. ISBN: 0-07-116429-4
Inan, Umran S.; Engineering electromagnetics. ISBN: 0-8053-4423-3
Demarest, Kenneth R.; Engineering electromagnetics. ISBN: 0-02-328521-4

Teaching methods and learning activities

• theoretical lectures: presentation of the concepts and mathematical tools necessary for the understanding of the subjects taught. • Exercise ectures: lessons for discussion and slving of reelvant problems. These classes also include the solving of simple exercises for evaluation.

 

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Exame	55,00
Trabalho escrito	45,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Designation	Time (hours)
Estudo autónomo	140,00
Frequência das aulas	0,00
Total:	140,00

Eligibility for exams

to obtain frequency it is required to: • not exceed the absence limit in the exercise lectures, ie 25% of those lectures; • minimum grade of 35% in the distributed component of evaluation.

Calculation formula of final grade

1.DISTRIBUTED COMPONENT  (D). This component comprises the realization of 10 exercises, and the classification of that component is given by the average of the 7 best exercises.

2. FINAL EXAM (E). Consists of a written test.

The final grade (C) is obtained by combining the classification of the test and distributed score using the following formula: C = 0:55 + 0:45 * E * D, where all ratings are on a scale of 0 to 20.

Approval for the course requires a minimum grade of 35% on the exam. Endnotes greater than or equal to 19 values can be conditioned to an additional test.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Working students and student who obtined frequency in precious years are not required to attend the course. Students excused from attendance will be evaluated by performing a final exam, and the classification of the student will be equal that of the the exam. However, these students may choose to attend the course, in which case they should sign up for the exercise lectures. This option is irreversible. The conditions for obtaining frequency in this case are those mentioned above.

Classification improvement

Classification improvement is made by a final exam, which gives the final grade if there is improvement. Otherwise, the student retains the classification previously obtained.