Hydrogeology

Code:

MEMG0003

Acronym:

HG

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Mathematics, Physics, Earth Sciences

Instance: 2009/2010 - 1S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Mining Engineering Department
Course/CS Responsible:	Master in Mining and Geo-Environmental Engineering

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MEMG	20	Plano de estudos oficial a partir de 2008/09	1	-	6	56	162

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

To endow students with a set of concepts which are necessary to understand and study underground water circulation.
This course unit aims to provide future engineers with basic concepts, which allow them to deepen their knowledge in future situations, if their work so demands it. Thus this course unit gives special emphasis to the understanding of concepts and methods which can be henceforward deepened. At the same time, practical classes will be based on the presentation of more technical knowledge of nowadays state of the art.

Program

Introduction – the water cycle: infiltration, regional and global water balance, watershed and groudwater basin.
Exercises: calculation of RAS hydrogeological balance, precipitation and evapotranspiration.
Fundamental equations in groundwater hydraulics: Navier-Stokes continuity. Gradient operator, divergence and Laplacian.
Water in porous medium. Laplace equation. Analytical integration of water circulation in a porous medium by fracture or cylindrical orifices.
Exercise: determination of fracture discharge with pre-defined piezometric conditions.
Darcy’s empirical law. Porosity, hydraulic conductivity. Aquifers, aquitards and aquicludes. Circulation in fissured medium. Measurement of hydraulic conductivity. Serial and parallel association.
Exercises: Darcy’s law; Darcy’s law in serial and parallel systems.
Unconfined and confined aquifers; notion of transmissivity, storage coefficient; Graphical representation of aquifers, streamlines and isopiestic lines. Examples.
Deduction of unconfined aquifer equations; Dupuit hypothesis. Extrapolation to the linear case of confined aquifers. Advantages of linearity. Steady state. Radial and parallel flow in confined aquifers: analytical solutions.
Radial flow in unconfined aquifers; Dupuit-Thiem formula; Images method. Exercises in Matlab with truncated series.
Intake: main types and techniques
Transient state: Theis formula, Jacob approximation. Application exercises. Pumping tests: use in boundary conditions determination, transmissivity and storage coefficient. Application exercises. Neumann, Dirichlet and Fourier boundary conditions.
Relationship between hydrogeology field data and geostatistics regionalized variable theory. Refreshing applicable geostatistics.
Numerical solutions of stationary state: development of a finite difference algorithm on Matlab in stationary state. Reference to the finite element method. Application exercises.
Diffusion. Chemical diffusion. Mechanical dispersion. Equations of partial derivatives in 1D, 2D, 3D. Presentation and exploitation of solution for 1D. Presentation of an algorithm for 2D. Underground water monitoring. Strategies for plumes control. Prevention and remediation. Seawater intrusion.

Mandatory literature

Abilio Cavalheiro; Hidrogeologia, 2008

Complementary Bibliography

Fetter, C. W.; Contaminant hydrogeology. ISBN: 0-13751215-5
Marsily, Ghislain de; Quantitative hydrogeology. ISBN: 0-12-208916-2
Fetter, C. W.; Applied Hydrogeology. ISBN: 0-02-336490-4

Teaching methods and learning activities

Oral presentation of course unit themes with the support of the board, transparencies and projection of computer images.

Software

Matlab 6 R12.1

Evaluation Type

Evaluation with final exam

Eligibility for exams

Students cannot miss more classes than allowed by the rules.

Calculation formula of final grade

Grade of the final exam or recurso (resit) exam.

Examinations or Special Assignments

General Evaluation Rules of FEUP

Classification improvement

General Evaluation Rules of FEUP

Observations

This course unit makes use of Moodle.