Thermodynamics

Code:

EA0018

Acronym:

T

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Interp/Personal professional attitudes and capac.
OFICIAL	Environmental Technologies
OFICIAL	Basic Sciences
OFICIAL	Engineering Sciences

Instance: 2006/2007 - 1S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
Course/CS Responsible:	Master in Environmental Engineering

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MIEA	43	Syllabus since 2006/07	2	-	6	56	162

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

Introduce students to the concepts of classical thermodynamics and their application to real systems, particularly in the area of environmental engineering.

Program

INTRODUCTION: Basic concepts. Unit systems. Law zero of thermodynamics. Notion of ideal gas. THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS: Statement of the first law of thermodynamics. Notion of internal energy and enthalpy. Heat capacities at constant volume and constant pressure. Calculations of heat and PV-work. Irreversible processes. Equations for adiabatic processes. Energy and mass balances for open systems. THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS: Statement of the second law of thermodynamics. Carnot cycle. Carnot cycle for an ideal gas. Carnot cycle for refrigeration. The concept of entropy. Entropy for ideal gases - effect of pressure and temperature. The third law of thermodynamics. PROPERTIES OF PURE FLUIDS: P-T and P-V diagrams. Virial equation of state. Compressibility factor. Cubic equations of state. Generalized correlations. Antoine's equation. Enthalpy and entropy for phase transition. THERMODYNAMIC RELATIONS: Relations among properties of homogeneous phases. Maxwell's equations. General expressions for the calculation of enthalpy and entropy. The Gibbs energy as a generating function. Residual properties. Calculation of residual properties using equations of state and generalized correlations. SOLUTION THERMODYNAMICS: Fundamental property relation. Partial properties. Equations relating molar and partial molar properties. Gibbs-Duhem equation. Partial properties for binary mixtures. Relations among partial properties. Ideal gas mixtures. PHASE EQUILIBRIA: Application of the chemical potencial to phase equilibria. Fugacity and fugacity coefficient for pure species. Vapour-Liquid equilibrium for pure species in terms of fugacities. Fugacity for pure liquids. Fugacity and fugacity coefficient for species in solution. Calculation of fugacity coefficients using equations of state and generalized correlations. Ideal solutions. Raoult and Henry laws. Excess properties. Models for excess Gibbs energy. Equations for calculation of activity coefficients. Thermodynamic data bases. Property changes of mixing. Liquid-Liquid equilibrium. Solid-Liquid equilibrium. Osmotic equilibrium and osmotic pressure. PRATICAL APPLICATIONS OF THERMODYNAMIC CONCEPTS.

Mandatory literature

Barbosa, D.; Apontamentos de Termodinâmica, 2006

Complementary Bibliography

Valsaraj, K.T.; Elements of Environmental Engineering - Thermodynamics and Kinetics, Lewis Publishers, 2000. ISBN: 1-56670-397-2
Çengel, Yunus A.; Termodinâmica. ISBN: 972-773-097-3
Yaws, C.L.; Chemical Properties Handbook, McGraw-Hill, 1999. ISBN: 159124028X (electronic bk.)
Smith, J. M.; Introduction to chemical engineering thermodynamics. ISBN: 0-07-240296-2

Teaching methods and learning activities

1) Lectures to present the theory and solve some exemplificative problems;
2) Lectures for analysing and solving proposed exercises;
3) Office-Hours.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Description	Type	Time (hours)	Weight (%)	End date
Subject Classes	Participação presencial	56,00
Middle term quiz	Exame	1,00		2006-10-23
Middle term quiz	Exame	1,00		2006-12-04
Middle term quiz	Exame	1,00		2006-12-04
Middle term quiz	Exame	1,00		2006-10-23
	Total:	-	0,00

Eligibility for exams

Students are expected to take the two mid-term exams and follow FEUP's regulations concerning attainment of frequency.

Calculation formula of final grade

The final classification is calculated by the formula:
0,8x(grade of final exam) + 0,2x(average grade of the mid-term exams)

Examinations or Special Assignments

Not applicable

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Exam.

Classification improvement

Exam.