Wind and Solar Energy

Code:

EEC0120

Acronym:

EESO

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Power

Instance: 2010/2011 - 1S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Power Systems
Course/CS Responsible:	Master in Electrical and Computers Engineering

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MIEEC	58	Syllabus (Transition) since 2010/2011	4	-	6	63	162
			5
		Syllabus	4	-	6	63	162
			5

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

This course aims to acquaint students with:
- The different technologies of photovoltaic systems, as well as the physical and technological principles of their functioning.
- Materials and techniques used in the production of photovoltaic systems, as well as their electrical engineering and components.
- The applications, nowadays market and perspectives of evolution of photovoltaic systems.
- Solar and radiation geometry calculation and photovoltaic dimensioning procedures and their components.
- The calculation of a operation point in a photovoltaic system

This course also aims to endow students with knowledge and information, which make them able to understand the specificity of the exploration of wind power in order to produce electricity. To identify the impacts that may occur in electricity production by wind power.

Program

• Evaluation of solar resources: aspects of solar geometry calculation; solar radiation estimation; shading calculation; optimal inclination calculation;
• General concepts of photovoltaic systems: principles of photovoltaic energy conversion. The present and the future of photovoltaic energy;
• Photovoltaic cells: characteristics, mathematical models, parameters and equations of photovoltaic cells.
• Photovoltaic modules: assembly aspects of photovoltaic cells in a photovoltaic module; characteristics, mathematical models and equations
• Types of photovoltaic cells and production techniques: single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, cadmium telluride, multigap, etc. Comparison between different technologies (advantages and disadvantages), application, current development. Production techniques
• Photovoltaic systems: constituents of a photovoltaic system (components of isolated systems and systems connected to a network); energy storage systems; charge control systems, converts and inverters, wiring, protection system.
• Characteristics of systems connected to a network and building integrated photovoltaic systems (BIPV): legislation and tariffs to connect a photovoltaic systems connected to a network; characteristics of systems connected to a network (working voltage, inverter dimension, protections, measurement and counting systems); incentive systems, taxes, rates and programmes of financial support; Characteristics of BIPV systems;
• Solar thermal power stations for electricity production: principles of functioning and composition of the different technologies in solar thermal power stations.
• Dimensioning of photovoltaic systems: principles of dimensioning; costs and economic aspects of the different components; estimation of energy production; economic viability (NVA, IRR). Use of software in the dimensioning of photovoltaic systems.

Wind as an energy resource. Betz limit
Specific velocity and potency coefficient; aerodynamics of a horizontal axis rotor; influence of angle of attack and rotational speed
Aerodynamic displacement; aerogenerator performance- power curve; concepts of potency control
Types of wind power conversion systems and their characteristics
Simple induction generator – principles of functioning, ways of control and limitations; double-fed induction generator (electrical model and ways of control); asynchronous generator with variable velocity (electrical model and ways of control)
Topologies of electrical networks in wind power parks, its dimensioning and production control of active and reactive production; intrinsic protections of generators and interconnection; protection coordination
Impact of integration of wind power generation in electrical networks- stationary regime, transient and wave quality (reference to IEC 61400-21)
Problems of global network stability; isolated and interconnected networks; Impact in the operation and behaviour of the system; Use of FACTS; Grid Codes requirements
Reserve management and use of storage solutions (pumping)

Mandatory literature

Patel, Mukund R.; Wind and solar power systems. ISBN: 0-8493-1605-7
Solar Energy International; Photovoltaics. ISBN: 0-86571-520-3
Patel, Mukund R.; Wind and solar power systems. ISBN: 0-8493-1605-7
Solar Energy International; Photovoltaics. ISBN: 0-86571-520-3
Deutsche Gesellshaft Fur Sonnenenergie (DGS) ; Planning and Installing Photovoltaic Systems - A Guide for Installers, Architects and Engineers - 2ª, EARTHSCAN , 2007. ISBN: 9781844074426
Tomás Perales Benito; Guía Instalador Energía Eólica, COPYRIGHT, 2010 . ISBN: 978849630097

Complementary Bibliography

Markvart, T.; Practical handbook of photovoltaics :. ISBN: 1856173909
Manwell, J. F.; Wind energy explained. ISBN: 0-471-49972-2
Markvart, T.; Practical handbook of photovoltaics :. ISBN: 1856173909
Manwell, J. F.; Wind energy explained. ISBN: 0-471-49972-2

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical classes will be based on the oral and multimedia presentation of the themes of the course.
Practical classes will be based on problem solving related with the dimensioning of photovoltaic and wind systems, using appropriate computer software and real case studies. The assignments which will be carried out in practical classes will be taken into account in the final mark.

Software

HOMER (http://analysis.nrel.gov/homer/default.asp)
RETScreen (http://www.retscreen.net/pt/t_software.php)
HOMER (http://analysis.nrel.gov/homer/default.asp)
RETScreen (http://www.retscreen.net/pt/t_software.php)

Evaluation Type

Evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Description	Type	Time (hours)	Weight (%)	End date
Attendance (estimated)	Participação presencial	56,00
Exam	Exame	6,00
	Total:	-	0,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Description	Type	Time (hours)	End date
Autonomous study	Estudo autónomo	100
	Total:	100,00

Eligibility for exams

Comply with the general attendance rules.

Calculation formula of final grade

Exam evaluation

Examinations or Special Assignments

Not applicable

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Not applicable

Classification improvement

Students can improve the mark of their exams.