Petrology

Code:

EMG2201

Acronym:

PET

Instance: 2006/2007 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Mining Engineering Department
Course/CS Responsible:	Mining and Geo-Environmental Engineering

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
LEMG	12	Plano Oficial EMG a partir de 2003	2	3	6	-

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

1 – Classification of Rocks
The awareness of a great diversity of rocks at the Earth's surface justifies an important classification and nomenclature effort.
2- Rock formation processes
For each of the major groups of rocks – igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic – some geological processes of genesis of rocks will be studied, and their respective interpretation through the observation of diverse petrographic characteristics.

Program

Theoretical classes:

Chapter 0: Introduction; petrogenetic processes within the field of geological cycles: rock cycle and Wilson cycle;

Chapter I: Petrography and Petrology; concept of rock: cartographic representation and repeated occurrence in space and time; bases of the classification of rocks.

Chapter II: Sedimentary rocks. Major groups of materials and sedimentary rocks: detrital, allochemical and orthochemical sedimentary rocks;
Detrital sedimentary rocks: petrography and classification; petrogenesis of detrital sedimentary rocks: models of modern interpretation; sandstone petrology (brief synthesis).
Orthochemical sedimentary rocks: the genesis of sedimentary materials chemically mobilized. Eh-pH diagrams.
Allochemical sedimentary rocks: description and classification of carbonate rocks.

Chapter III: Igneous Rocks: main parameters of petrographic description. Streckeisen classification;
Petrogenesis of igneous rocks: will there be as many magmas as the known igneous rocks? Concept of magmatic differentiation.
Study of phase diagrams for silica-based systems as a first approach to the study of crystallization of igneous rocks: binary and ternary diagrams; eutectic and peritectic systems and solid solutions.

Chapter IV: Petrography of metamorphic rocks: main rock types, textures and structures; basic classification schemes. Petrogenesis of metamorphic rocks: factors of metamorphism; types of metamorphism; orogeny and metamorphism; main conceptual models of orogenic metamorphism.

Practical classes:

- Summary classification of rocks in hand samples: main igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic lithotypes; establishment of empirical relations between textural and mineralogical characteristics and genetic characteristics of the rock.

- Polarized light microscopy of rocks: knowledge of the main mineralogy and major groups of rocks. Importance of the microscopic petrography in petrogenetic interpretation.

- Field classes – to be planned during the academic year, taking into account the means of transportation available. Presumably, there will be three field classes.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Description	Type	Time (hours)	Weight (%)	End date
Subject Classes	Participação presencial	70,00
	Total:	-	0,00

Eligibility for exams

Students attain frequency with at least 75% attendance at practical classes. Besides this condition, there is the possibility of attaining frequency through the performance of two tests during the semester. Such tests replace the first call of the exam’s period.