Geology II

Code:

EMG1202

Acronym:

GEOL2

Instance: 2006/2007 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Mining Engineering Department
Course/CS Responsible:	Mining and Geo-Environmental Engineering

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
LEMG	21	Plano Oficial EMG a partir de 2003	1	3	6	-

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

The Geology II course focuses on the concepts of Petrology.
It is aimed that the student knows the main rock families, learns to identify and classify different lithological characteristics, as well as understands the main environmental characteristics of their formation.
At the same time, it is aimed that the student, through the consolidation of the concepts of the Plate Tectonics Theory approached in the Geology I course, will be able to interpret the Rock Cycle in the Internal and External Geodynamics’ context.
By attending practical classes, the student must acquire skills in reading and interpreting geologic cartography, using aerial photographs under stereoscopic view as support of geological studies and identification of minerals.

Program

The Earth System.
Subsystems: Atmosphere; hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere.
Cycles and interaction
The Rock Cycle

Sedimentary Petrology
Processes that shape the Earth's surface: physical and chemical meteorization, erosion and sediment transportation.
Classification of sedimentary rocks.
Diagenesis.
Structure of sedimentary rocks
Stratification

Metamorphic Petrology
Lower and upper limits of P and T of metamorphism
Diagenesis and anatexis.
Foliation, schistose.
Transformations in the solid state.
Mineral paragenesis and thermodynamic equilibrium.
Metamorphic minerals.
Orogenic metamorphism.
Protolith rock
Topochemical transformations. Progressive metamorphism.
Index Minerals.
Metamorphic Facies.
Types of metamorphism: regional, contact, cataclastic, burial, hydrothermal /metasomatism, retrograde metamorphism.
Competent and incompetent materials.
Fold components.
Similar and concentric folds. Geometric relations of folds. Intersection lineations.

Igneous petrology
Igneous rocks.
Minerals of igneous rocks.
Magma: constituent phases of magma. Origin of magma. Factors controlling the melt of rocks: temperature, pressure and volatile component.
Partial melting or complete melting.
Plate tectonics and igneous rocks.
Magma crystallization.
Bowen's reaction series.
Magmatic Differentiation and composition of igneous rocks.
Classification of igneous rocks.
Localization in the crust: intrusive: plutonic and hypabyssal; extrusive: effusive and explosive.
Silica content: acid, intermediate, basic and ultrabasic.
Iron-magnesium composition: ultramafic, mafic, intermediate and felsic rocks.
Colour index: light-coloured and dark-coloured rocks.
Mineralogical composition of some rocks: granite / rhyolite; diorite / andesite; gabbro / basalt; peridotite / komatiite.
Classification of Streckeisen.
Grain size and texture.

Plate Tectonics
The Rock Cycle in the Wilson Cycle
Geographical features of the different stages of the Wilson Cycle.
Stages of the Wilson Cycle in correlation with aspects of the Geology of Portugal.

Minerals
Geological sections
Photogeology

Teaching methods and learning activities

The course will be held in theoretical-practical classes.
Some of the classes will be held in the field.
There will be frequent contact with mineral and rock samples, geological maps and aerial photographs.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation without final exam

Assessment Components

Description	Type	Time (hours)	Weight (%)	End date
Subject Classes	Participação presencial	70,00
	Total:	-	0,00

Eligibility for exams

To attain frequency at the course, the absence limit cannot be exceeded (25% of the number of classes).

Calculation formula of final grade

The distributed evaluation will be based on 2 tests about the field class reports undertaken.
The final classification will be determined by the average of the distributed evaluation. Students who fail this evaluation can do the final exams.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Special evaluation students will be evaluated according to the General Evaluation Rules applicable to each case.

Classification improvement

The re-sit exam can function as a classification improvement test.

Observations

The classes of this course will be held in the Museum of Mineral Deposits of the Department of Mines (F204) due to the need of using, in all classes, didactic materials there available.
It will be requested a transport service out of FEUP for the field classes.