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The structure of non-human animal cognitive neuroscience: an epistemological critique

Title
The structure of non-human animal cognitive neuroscience: an epistemological critique
Type
Thesis
Year
2019-06-12
Authors
Francisco José Correia Graça Almeida
(Author)
FMUP
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Scientific classification
FOS: Medical and Health sciences > Basic medicine
Other information
Resumo (PT): Qualquer prática científica depende de assunções teóricas. A neurociência, em particular, reveste-se de controvérsia, dado ter o cérebro como seu objeto de estudo, partindo de posições filosóficas que carecem de crítica. É, por isso, da maior importância desenvolver uma crítica da estrutura da investigação neurocientífica, de forma a tornar claros quais os seus pilares, que problemas implicam e como podem ser abordados e resolvidos. Neste artigo, reúnem-se as primeiras críticas à neurociência cognitiva com modelos animais. Ao aplicar uma divisão conceptual entre teoria cognitiva, comportamental e neurobiológica, apontam-se os principais problema na articulação das três, baseados em exemplos da prática científica, além de raciocínios teóricos puros. Conclui-se com propostas de desenvolvimento da teoria comportamental e inicia-se uma primeira crítica às assunções das teorias cognitivas e neurobiológicas.
Abstract (EN): Every scientific practice rests on implicit unrevised theoretical assumptions. Neuroscience, in particular, focuses on a very controversial object of study- the brain- and is therefore prone to tacitly embrace philosophical positions in its everyday workings. It is thus of the utmost importance to develop a critique of the structure of neuroscientific investigation so as to understand what the uncovered pillars of the field are, what pitfalls they may implicate and how we can correct them. In this paper, I gather the first critiques in animal cognitive neuroscience and hope to establish the first step in a continuous process of revision. By applying a conceptual division of neuroscience into cognitive, behavioural and neurobiological theories, I point out the main problems in articulating the three, based on actual scientific practice rather than purely theoretical reasoning. I conclude by proposing developments on behavioural theory and set an initial critique on assumptions on both cognitive and neurobiological theories.
Language: English
License type: Click to view license CC BY-NC-ND
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