Biomaterials

Code:

L.EMAT027

Acronym:

B

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Science and Technology of Materials

Instance: 2023/2024 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering
Course/CS Responsible:	Bachelor in Materials Engineering

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
L.EMAT	41	Syllabus	3	-	6	52	162

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

Justification:

Biomaterials have been undergoing a massive expansion and begin to be used in numerous clinical applications to repair, rebuild, replace or regenerate damaged areas of the body. This expansion is strongly associated with technological advances in reconstructive and regenerative medicine and the exponential increase in average life expectancy in modern societies. The science of biomaterials is an interdisciplinary field, and the Materials Engineering Branch is of paramount importance for the development of new materials, using innovative technologies.

Objectives:

The course aims to provide students with fundamental concepts on the various types of materials that are used in medicine. Are also covered aspects such as structural and surface characteristics of biomaterials, their interaction with the surrounding tissue and their clinical applications. For the attendance of this subject is necessary that students have previously knowledgeable of science and materials engineering.

 

Learning outcomes and competences

Specific  Skills:

- Select and manipulate materials for a particular application in the human body;

- Evaluate the performance of materials based on scientific knowledge of their composition, structure and properties;

- Know the limitations of the biomaterials and the characteristics that might influence changes over time;

- Recognize and understand the reasons for a clinical failure of biomaterials; - Critically evaluate the characteristics of new materials produced by the manufacturing industry, mentioned by standards institutes or referred to in scientific journals;

 

General Skills:

- Competence in analysis and synthesis;

- Ability to solve problems;

- Competence in independent learning;

- Knowledge of foreign languages;

- Skills to communicate with people who are not experts in the field;

- Initiative and entrepreneurial spirit.

Working method

Presencial

Program

- Fundamental principles of Biomaterials. The evolution of biomaterials and implantable medical devices. Degradable and non-degradable biomaterials. Clinical applications and complications. Medical applications in tissue repair, replacement and regeneration.

- Metallic biomaterials. Bioceramics and Bio-glass and ceramic-based cements. Synthetic and biodegradable biopolymers. Natural polymers. Degradation of biomaterials: mechanisms; the pros and cons of degradation.

- Disinfection and sterilization of medical devices.

- Biocompatibility Assessment.

- Biomaterials for blood contact.

- Strategies for treatment/prevention of infections associated with the use of medical devices.

- Organ-on-a-chip technology.

Mandatory literature

Ratner, Buddy D. 340; Biomaterials science. ISBN: 0-12-582463-7
Nandyala Sooraj Hussein, José Domingos Santos; Biomaterials for Bone Regenerative Medicine, Trans Tech Publications, 2010. ISBN: ISBN 0-87849-153-8
Degradation Rate of Bioresorbable Materials, Woodhead Publishing Ltd, 2008
Wujing Xian; A Laboratory Course in Biomaterials, CRC Press, 2009. ISBN: 978-1-4200-7582-3
http://www.biomaterialsvideos.org/videos

Complementary Bibliography

ISO Standard; ISO 10993-7 BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES — PART 7: ETHYLENE OXIDE STERILIZATION RESIDUALS
ISO Standard; ISO 10993-4 BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES — PART 4: SELECTION OF TESTS FOR INTERACTIONS WITH BLOOD
ISO Standard; ISO 10993-6 BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES — PART 6: TESTS FOR LOCAL EFFECTS AFTER IMPLANTATION
ISO Standard; ISO 10993-5 BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES — PART 5: TESTS FOR IN VITRO CYTOTOXICITY
ISO Standard; ISO 10993-9 BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES — PART 9: FRAMEWORK FOR IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL DEGRADATION PRODUCTS
ISO Standard; ISO 10993-13:2010 BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES — PART 13: IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF DEGRADATION PRODUCTS FROM POLYMERIC MEDICAL DEVICES
ISO Standard; ISO 10993-14 BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES — PART 14: IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF DEGRADATION PRODUCTS FROM CERAMICS
ISO Standard; ISO 10993-2 BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES — PART 2: ANIMAL WELFARE REQUIREMENTS

Teaching methods and learning activities

Students are strongly encouraged to participate in class and questions are frequently asked during the presentation of the themes so that students can learn on their own. The first minutes of each class are based on the discussion of the themes of the previous class. The themes are presented using slides, which will be available for students, and they reproduce practical examples of the application of biomaterials. Some classes will be given by renowned surgeons, where biomaterials will be applied in various areas of medicine and surgery.   In laboratory classes, some polymeric and ceramic scaffolds will be manufactured and characterized.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Teste	20,00
Trabalho laboratorial	20,00
Exame	60,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Designation	Time (hours)
Estudo autónomo	110,00
Frequência das aulas	52,00
Total:	162,00

Eligibility for exams

Terms of frequency: attendance of 75% of laboratory classes (PL).

Calculation formula of final grade

The Assessment is distributed with a final exam.

The evaluation of the TP component consists of the following elements: three written assessments throughout the semester for analysis and discussion of scientific publications, and completion of a final written exam.

The PL component is assessed by a poster concerning the practical works developed throughout the semester and a written exam at the end of practical laboratory classes.

Final grade: 0.20* Grade PL + 0.80* Grade TP (TP and PL grades are rounded to the nearest whole number)

Grade TP = 0.25 * Average Grade of Continuous Assessment (CA)

+ 0.75 * Grade Written exam

 

 The average score of continuous assessment = (CA1 + CA2 + CA3)/3 (CAi values rounded to the tenth)

Grade PL = 0.20 *(grade of poster) + 0.80 * final written exam

 

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

By taking a final exam and attending laboratory classes. The formula for calculating the final grade is the same as an ordinary student.

 

Classification improvement

It will be obtained through a written exam, counting for the final grade the PL component grade.