Bone Grafts in Dental Medicine: An Overview of Autografts, Allografts and Synthetic Materials

• Tipo: Outra Publicação em Revista Científica Internacional
• Data: 2023

Autores

Ferraz, MP (Autor) FEUP

Revista

Título: Materials

Vol. 16

Página Final: 4117

ISSN: 1996-1944

Editora: MDPI

Indexação

ISI Web of Knowledge - 19 Citações

Scopus - 18 Citações

Classificação Científica

CORDIS: Ciências Tecnológicas ; Ciências da Saúde

FOS: Ciências da engenharia e tecnologias ; Ciências médicas e da saúde

Outras Informações

ID Authenticus: P-00Y-FFC

DOI: 10.3390/ma16114117

Abstract (EN): This review provides an overview of various materials used in dentistry and oral and maxillofacial surgeries to replace or repair bone defects. The choice of material depends on factors such as tissue viability, size, shape, and defect volume. While small bone defects can regenerate naturally, extensive defects or loss or pathological fractures require surgical intervention and the use of substitute bones. Autologous bone, taken from the patient's own body, is the gold standard for bone grafting but has drawbacks such as uncertain prognosis, surgery at the donor site, and limited availability. Other alternatives for medium and small-sized defects include allografts (from human donors), xenografts (from animals), and synthetic materials with osteoconductive properties. Allografts are carefully selected and processed human bone materials, while xenografts are derived from animals and possess similar chemical composition to human bone. Synthetic materials such as ceramics and bioactive glasses are used for small defects but may lack osteoinductivity and moldability. Calcium-phosphate-based ceramics, particularly hydroxyapatite, are extensively studied and commonly used due to their compositional similarity to natural bone. Additional components, such as growth factors, autogenous bone, and therapeutic elements, can be incorporated into synthetic or xenogeneic scaffolds to enhance their osteogenic properties. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of grafting materials in dentistry, discussing their properties, advantages, and disadvantages. It also highlights the challenges of analyzing in vivo and clinical studies to select the most suitable option for specific situations.

Idioma: Inglês

Tipo (Avaliação Docente): Científica

Nº de páginas: 22