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U.Porto Memory

Teachers and students of the first Faculty of Arts of the University of Porto

José Carlos de Araújo Marinho

	1904-1975 High School Teacher, Philosopher and Pedagogue

Born on 1 February 1904, in Porto, he attended primary school here, and high school at Rodrigues de Freitas High School between 1915 and 1920. He enrolled in the Romance Philology course at the 1st Faculty of Arts of Porto, and soon proved his value in the field of philosophical speculation. He became one of the favourite students of Leonardo Coimbra, who predicted he would follow a career as an assistant at the institution. At the same time, he attended some classes of the Philosophical Sciences course, and completed his degree in Romance Philology with the final mark of 15 out of 20, on 17 December 1925, after defending a thesis entitled "Ensaio sobre Teixeira de Pascoaes" [An Essay on T.de P.].

With the university degree, he taught Portuguese, French and Philosophy in some private schools in Porto, which enabled him to advance his studies and collaborate in the Renascença Portuguesa [Portuguese Renaissance] movement, sponsored by Leonardo Coimbra, of whom he was considered to be his spiritual heir. However, after the extinction of the 1^st Faculty of Arts was announced in 1928, his dreams of a university career were shattered and so he travelled to Coimbra, where he studied at the Normal High School, so that he could be part of the full time high school teachers’ staff. After the teaching practice period at the Pedro Nunes High School, in Lisbon, on 30 July 1931, he passed the State Exams with the thesis entitled "Teoria e Metodologia do ensino do Português e do Francês" [Theory and Methodology in the teaching of Portuguese and French], with the final mark of 19 out of 20.

He was appointed Tenured Teacher of the 2^nd Group in high school (Portuguese and French) at the Bragança High School, took part in the opposition movement "Renovação Democrática" [Democratic Renewal] in 1932, and was one of the writers of the political manifest entitled "A Organização da Democracia" [The Organization of Democracy], in 1933. He soon gave up his political activities in favour of family stability. Later, he was transferred to Faro High School and then Viseu, where his Republican and anti-New State ideals got him into serious trouble. He was arrested between July and October 1937 and banned from the public service for political reasons. In 1939, he settled with his family in Lisbon with the help of some friends, namely his university colleague Álvaro Ribeiro, and he supported his family working as a private tutor and teaching in some private schools in Lisbon.

The 40s were the most fertile period of his cultural and philosophical works, and he became one of the most important supporters of the group "Filosofia Portuguesa" [Portuguese Philosophy] and took part in the many gatherings that brought together some of the most reputable individualities in the Portuguese cultural scene of mid-19^th century. He was one of the masters of the new generation of intellectuals who attended these discussion and knowledge sharing meetings. Moreover, as a collaborator of the magazine "Editorial Inquérito" [Editorial Survey] and "Colecção Filosofia e Ensaios" [Philosophy Collection and Essays], he was responsible for the translation of many literary and philosophical works, thus complementing his income earned in private teaching.

Finally, on 1 November 1963, he started working for the Centre for Educational Research of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, under the direction of his former colleague of Arts, Dr. Delfim dos Santos. He remained at the Foundation until he died, conducting courses and seminars and collaborating in publications, and at the same time shared his culture and philosophical ideas with his audiences. He died in Lisbon on 5 August 1975 after a long hospitalization period at the Santa Maria Hospital.
(Universidade Digital / Gestão de Informação, 2008)