Theriogenology II

Code:

MV524

Acronym:

TERIO II

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Animal Production

Instance: 2021/2022 - 2S (of 21-02-2022 to 17-06-2022)

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Veterinary Clinics
Course/CS Responsible:	Integrated Masters Degree in Veterinary Medicine

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MIMV	44	Official Study Plan	5	-	5	70	135

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

General: To provide the student with information related to reproductive management and clinical equine and farm animal theriogenology.

After completion of the program, students should be able to

Ruminants:
• Perform a BSE of the male (clinical examination, semen collection and evaluation, libido testing)
• Surgical castration
• Vasectomy and epidydectomy
• Pregnancy diagnosis in small ruminants(ultrasound)
• AI in the ewe (cervical)
• Estrus synchronization in ewes



Equine:
• Estrus detection
• Gynecological examination of the mare
• Clitoral and endometrial collection of samples
• Execution and interpretation of endometrial cytology
• Interpretation of reproductive ultrasonographies
• BSE of the stallion (external genitalia, semen collection and evaluation)
• Artificial insemination
• Chilled semen processing


Swine:
• Pregnancy diagnosis (ultrasonography)
• Collection and evaluation of semen
• Artificial insemination
• Surgical castration of the boar

Learning outcomes and competences

 

After completion of the program, students should be able to

Ruminants:
• Perform a BSE of the male (clinical examination, semen collection and evaluation, libido testing)
• Surgical castration
• Vasectomy and epidydectomy
• Pregnancy diagnosis in small ruminants(ultrasound)
• AI in the ewe (cervical)
• Estrus synchronization in ewes

Equine:
• Estrus detection
• Gynecological examination of the mare
• Clitoral and endometrial collection of samples
• Execution and interpretation of endometrial cytology
• Interpretation of reproductive ultrasonographies
• BSE of the stallion (external genitalia, semen collection and evaluation)
• Artificial insemination
• Chilled semen processing

Swine:
• Pregnancy diagnosis (ultrasonography)
• Collection and evaluation of semen
• Artificial insemination
• Surgical castration of the boar

Working method

Presencial

Program

Bovine.
Reproductive management of beef cattle: management of replacement heifers, age at first breeding, breading season vs year-round breeding, early vs. late weaning. National systems of production with imported and native breeds.
Nutritional needs of beef cattle during the post-partum, pregnancy lactation and pre-partum.
Genital surgery of the bull: castration, epididectomy, vasectomy, penile tumor removal, penile-prepuce translocation, rupture repair in penile hematoma.
Parturition and dystocia. Stages of labor and factors causing dystocia. Methods to prevent dystocia. Management of dystocia: anamnesis, restrain of the cow, examination, mutation of abnormal presentation, position and posture of the fetus. Forced extraction, fetotomy and C-section.  

Small ruminants.
Characteristics and manipulation of the estrous cycle: seasonality, male effect, prostaglandins, progestagens and gonadothrophins. Light manipulation and melatonin.
BSE of the ram, semen collection and evaluation. Surgical castration, vasectomy and epididectomy.
Pregnancy diagnosis: abdominal palpation, ultrasonography, radiology and biological tests. Manipulation of the estrous cycle: differences between the ewe and the doe. Artificial insemination: cervical and laparoscopic. Embryo collection and transfer. Embryo freezing. Sheep breeding strategies, lambing management and neonatal care.
Reproductive diseases and periparturient pathologies of the ewe. Native breeds, and main reproductive systems of production.

Porcine.
Reproductive physiology and endocrinology of boars and sows. Semen collection and evaluation and artificial insemination. Induction of estrus and control of the estrous cycle. Diagnosis of pregnancy. Reproductive managements programs for porcine, including semi-extensive national systems of production.

Equine
The estrus cycle and characteristics of the vernal transition. Methods to anticipate the breeding season. Estrus detection and reproductive management. Clinical examination of the pregnant and non-pregnant mare. Collection and interpretation of endometrial cytology and microbiology and of endometrial samples (biopsy). Management of twin pregnancies. Venereal diseases of the horse. Semen collection and evaluation. Semen refrigeration and freezing, and artificial insemination. Management of embryo transfer programs. Embryo cryopreservation. BSE of the stallion.

Mandatory literature

Youngquist Robert S.; Current therapy in large animal theriogenology. ISBN: 978-0-7216-9323-1
Youngquist & Threlfall; Current Therapy in Large animal Theriogenology, Saunders Elsevier, 2007. ISBN: 13: 978-0-7216-9323-1
McKinnon Angus, Squires Edward, Vaala Wendy, Varner Dickson; Equine Reproduction, Second Edition, Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. ISBN: 978-0-8138-1971-6
McKinnon Angus, Squires Edward, Vaala Wendy, Varner Dickson; Equine Reproduction, Second Edition, Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. ISBN: 978-0-8138-1971-6

Teaching methods and learning activities

Two-hr lectures on the different subjects (14 weeks), with particular incidence on the description and discussion of clinical cases. Three-hour practical/clinical classes are given to smaller groups of students, either at the teaching farm or in Abóbada Experiment Station (small ruminants, swine, beef cattle ).

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Exame	75,00
Participação presencial	25,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Designation	Time (hours)
Estudo autónomo	33,00
Frequência das aulas	70,00
Trabalho de campo	22,00
Trabalho laboratorial	10,00
Total:	135,00

Eligibility for exams

Evaluation components: Sum of A+B+C, as follows: A) Written exam 12 points (a minimum of 6.0 points is needed to approve. B) Frequency of Herdade da Abóbada Experiment Station's rotation at Serpa 3 points. C) Attendance of 100% to 80% of clinical/practical equine therio classes at Vairão and completion of the "minimum clinical procedures" to be defined at the beginning of classes - 5 points; attendance of < 80% of clinical/practical equine therio classes - 3 points. Attendance of at least 75% of clinical/practical classes and completion of the "minimum clinical procedures" is mandatory to approve the course. Work done outside the regular schedule, under the supervision of an instructor, with an approximate duration of 3h it is also considered clinical/practical classes. Conditions for admission to the final (written) exam: Attendance of a minimum of 75% of clinical/practical classes and completion of the "minimum clinical procedures". Completion of a mandatory minimum number of 2 ambulatory visits (dairy cow theriogenology services). Important notice 1: Attendance of lectures, clinical/practical classes, ambulatory therio services or Herdade da Abóbada rotations from previous years are NOT accepted as "replacements" for the current year. 2: Student-workers are not dismissed of any requirement to approve the course or to be admitted to the final exam. Under exceptional circumstances, a student-worker may send a justified request to the head of the Integrated Masters (after due evaluation by the pedagogical council) asking for an alternative examination outside the regular schedule of exams, as granted by point 3, article 8, from the student-worker bylaws from the University of Porto. This exam will be of the practical/clinical type.

Calculation formula of final grade

Final grade is calculated adding A+B+C+D.