Pharmacology and Therapeutics II

Code:

MV323

Acronym:

FTII

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Clinical Sciences

Instance: 2016/2017 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Imuno-Physiology and Pharmacology
Course/CS Responsible:	Integrated Masters Degree in Veterinary Medicine

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MIMV	76	Plan 2007 to 2017	3	-	4	64	108

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

Provide students with knowledge in Systemic Pharmacology, with relevance to drugs used to treat specific pathological entities of each organ or system, and important agents used to control infections and infestations of microbial agents (bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa, etc.). In the approach of each drug group makes up a special reference to the mechanism of action (from molecules to the system), the pharmacokinetics, the relationship of the mechanism of action to clinical response, side effects, clinical problems and toxicity, as well as its clinical relevance to veterinary therapy.

Learning outcomes and competences

PRACTICAL LAB CLASSES

- Application of the scientific methodology and follow-up of different experimental protocols.

- Capability of solving practical problems. Organised teamwork.

- Basics of laboratory safety and good laboratory practices.

- Rules of handling, management and care of lab animals.

- Training in basic experimental techniques (e.g. weighing, preparing solutions etc.).

- Specific training in pharmacological experiments (e.g. preparing equipment, isolation of the preparations and registration of biological signals, evaluation of the effects promoted by the drugs applied etc).

- Drugs administration in required doses and concentrations for in vivo and in vitro experiments.

- Understanding basic pharmacology concepts such as performing dose-response curves, drugs action selection, routes of drugs in a living organism etc.

- Observation capability, quantification, experimental variability appraisal, evaluation and interpretation of experimental data.

 

THEORETICAL-PRACTICAL CLASSES:

- Teamwork capability.

- Time management, self-discipline and work capability without direct supervision.

- Autonomous problem solving. Information retrieve and bibliographical research.

- Handling of experimental results and conclusion obtained from different sources.

- Critical assessment of different sources.

- Presentation of a written piece of work (monograph).

- Competence with Microsoft office programs such as Word, Excel, Access, PowerPoint and others.

- The methodology for obtaining information and bibliographical research must include the use of databases and Internet (certification of the site’s quality).

- Mastery of communication skills (interpersonal and public speaking competencies).

- Evaluation of auto-didactism and development of interest in lifelong learning.

Working method

Presencial

Pre-requirements (prior knowledge) and co-requirements (common knowledge)

Students should have approved Anatomy, Physiology, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology.

Program

THEORETICAL CLASSES PROGRAM

Cardiovascular pharmacology - Respiratory pharmacology - Gastrointestinal pharmacology - Renal and urinary pharmacology - Antineoplastic and immunopharmacology drugs - Antibacterial drugs - Antifungal agents - Antiviral drugs - Antiprotozoal agents - Drugs against helminthic infections - Dermatological pharmacology - Antiseptics and disinfectants - Growth promoters - Clinical trials – Pharmacovigilance.

LAB CLASSES PROGRAM (Laboratory of Pharmacology, ICBAS – UP)

Action of acetylcholine in the guinea-pig ileum. Dose-effect curves. Antagonism by atropine. - Release of [3H] acetylcholine from phrenic nerve endings in the rat: effect of adenosine agonists. - Effect of a "loop diuretic" in rabbit. Determination of urinary concentrations of Na⁺, K⁺ and Cl^-. - Anticoagulant effect of heparin and the antagonism by protamine sulfate in rabbit. - Effects of drugs in isolated rat atria. Chronotropic and inotropic effects. Electrical pacing. - Determination of d-aminolevulinic acid in urine of individuals poisoned by lead. - Determination of cholinesterase activity in plasma of individuals poisoned by pesticides (organophosphates and carbamates). 

EXTRAMURAL HANDS-ON CLASSES (Campus Agrário de Vairão, ICAV – UP)

Routes of administration of drugs in different animal species: Anatomical references for selection of different routes of administration (e.g. EV, IM, SC, IP); Care in the use of each route (aseptic technique, selection of materials); Special attention in cattle, horses, sheep, canines, rabbits and fish - Selection of route of administration of drugs in accordance with: species, clinical case, treatment to be applied, and available material and equipment - Practical execution of treatments and demonstration of the main therapeutic failures - Simulation of clinical cases with the purpose of integrating the theoretical and practical knowledge.

PHARMACOGNOSY/PHARMACOGRAPHY CLASSES (Anfiteatros, ICBAS – UP)

Introduction to pharmacognosy. Description of different pharmaceutical preparations in veterinary medicine (solid, liquid, pasty and special preparations). Introduction to Pharmacography. Prescription writing according to several proposed problems. Presentation of the literature necessary for the practical classes: book with doses for different animal species, and symposium of veterinary medicine and human medicine.

THEORETICAL-PRACTICAL CLASSES (Laboratory of Pharmacology, ICBAS – UP)

The subject varies each year.

-Feline Triad - treatment of inflammatory diseases of the Liver, Pancreas and Small Intestine

-Treatment of Mastitis in Dairy Cows

-Equine dermatofitosis

-Pharmacological treatment of hypertension in Companion Animals

-Chemotherapy of canine mast cell tumor

-Treatment of Feline Asthma

Mandatory literature

Boothe Dawn Merton; Small animal clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. ISBN: 0-7216-4364-7
Allen Dana G.; Handbook of veterinary drugs. ISBN: 0-7817-4126-2
Plumb Donald C.; Plumb.s veterinary drug handbook. ISBN: 0-8138-0518-X
Baggot J. Desmond; physiological basis of veterinary clinical pharmacology. ISBN: 0-632-05744-0
Adams H. Richard ed.; Veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics. ISBN: 0-8138-1743-9

Complementary Bibliography

Hardman Joel G. ed.; Goodman & Gillman.s the pharmacological basis of therapeutics. ISBN: 0-07-135469-7
D.G. Waller, A.G. Renwick & K. Hillier; Medical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Saunders, 2001
Rang H. P. 070; Rang and Dalec2b4s pharmacology. ISBN: 0-443-06911-5
Guimarães Serafim; Terapêutica medicamentosa e suas bases farmacológicas. ISBN: 972-0-06029-8
Katzung Bertram G. ed.; Basic & clinical pharmacology. ISBN: 007-121931-5
G.M. Brenner & C.W. Stevens; Pharmacology, Saunders, 2006

Teaching methods and learning activities

-The teaching methodology includes theoretical, theoretical-practical and practical classes, as the following:

Theoretical classes: Video projection (Data-Show).

Theoretical-Practical lessons: Presentation and discussion of themes related to the laboratory work and to clinical practice.

Practical lessons: Focus on experimental work at the Laboratory of Pharmacology (ICBAS), and drugs administration at the ICAV/UP (Vairão).

Attendance to theoretical/practical and practical classes is mandatory.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Exame	37,50
Prova oral	32,50
Teste	5,00
Trabalho de campo	7,50
Trabalho escrito	10,00
Trabalho laboratorial	7,50
Total:	100,00

Eligibility for exams

Practical Evaluation (compulsory, 6 points)

1. Monography (3 points):  Oral presentation of a new/relevant matter of importance to laboratory work and to clinical practice. Presentation of a written piece of work (monograph). Team work (3-4 students). Oral presentation (» 20 min) and oral discussion (» 10 min)

2. Presentation / report of practical work (sorted group) (1.5 points): Practical report realizado no fim da aula prática. Instructor’s continuous Assessment

3. Performance of drug administrations / Instructor’s information (1,5 scores): Instructor’s continuous Assessment (0.5 valor). Each student will be classified by her/his performance in the practical work.

Practical classification is valid for two years after achievement.

Theoretical Evaluation (14 points): Final examination (test + oral evaluation).

Test: Multiple choice questions / Correspondences / Short answer.

Admission conditions: *75% attendance to practical lessons, *3.0/6.0 points in the practical course.

Oral examination: Waived if final classification in the test is higher than * 7.5/14.0 points. Compulsory if final classification in the test is higher than * 6.0/14.0 points. Failure if final classification in the test is lowed than * 6.0/14.0 points.

Calculation formula of final grade

Final Score= 0.3* practical classes score + 0.7* Theoretical Exam Score 

Practical classes score = 0,1*Monograph  + 0,075* Practical classes + 0,075*Drug administration classes + 0.05Pharmacography classes

Examinations or Special Assignments

1. Monograph (2.0 points): Research teamwork (2-3 students) on a relevant theoretical-practical subject. Exposition (~20 min) and oral discussion (~10 min).


2. Lab reports / Instructor’s information (1,5 points): Presentation of practical work  (sorted group). Practical report. Instructor’s continuous assessment.


3. Performance of drug administration routes / Instructor’s information (1,5 points): Instructor’s continuous assessment .Each student will be classified by her/his performance in the practical work.


4. Pharmacography: final examination (1,0 point). 
   

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Oral examination

Classification improvement

Oral examination