General Genetics
Keywords |
Classification |
Keyword |
OFICIAL |
Biology |
Instance: 2021/2022 - 2S
Cycles of Study/Courses
Teaching language
Suitable for English-speaking students
Objectives
Learning of the main topics of genetics including patterns of inheritance and mendelian analysis, chromosome theory of inheritance, molecular genetics, population genetics and quantitative genetics, with particular focus on the application of the genetic tools and theoretical concepts.
Learning outcomes and competences
General skills in the understanding of the different fields of genetics and their applications.
Working method
Presencial
Program
-
Introduction to the course. Main objectives. Historical revision on the main concepts and theories of heredity.
2.Cellular reproduction. Cell division: the chromosome. Mitosis. Meiosis.
3.Mendelism:Mendel's experiments; Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses. Mendel’s principles: dominant and recessive. Test cross. Reciprocal crosses.
4.Multiple alleles. Pedigrees analysis.
5.Gene interaction; changes in Mendelian ratios. Interaction between genes and alleles. Incomplete dominance, codominance. Multi-allelic systems. Pleiotropic genes; dominant and recessive epistasis. Regulatory genes. Penetrance and expressivity.
6.Linkage. Recombination. Recombination fraction and distance between genes. Linkage maps.
7. Chromosomal theory of heredity. Characteristics related to sex. Deviations from Mendel's proportions. Autosomes and sex chromosomes. Sex determination.
8.Karyotype and chromosome structure. Cytogenetics thechniques. Chromosome mutations Structural and numerical chromosome changes. Types of changes in chromosomal structure. Changes in number; aberrant euploidy; monoploids and polyploids. Aneuploidy.
9. Some techniques used in breeding. Hybrid lines; production monoploidy; amphidiploid and production of new species in plants; aloploidy hybrids by somatic hybridization.
10.Population genetics. Genetic polymorphism and gene frequencies. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Changes in allelic frequencies: genetic drift, mutation, migration and selection. Inbreeding and assortative mating.
11. Molecular markers. Detection methods of genetic variability; types and use of molecular markers.
Mandatory literature
Hartl Daniel L.;
Genetics. ISBN: 9780763715113
Griffiths Anthony J. F. 070;
An introduction to genetic analysis. ISBN: 0-7167-2604-1
Complementary Bibliography
Daniel L. Hartl;
Essential genetics. ISBN: 0-86720-883-X
Teaching methods and learning activities
Theoretical classes and pratical classes for resolution of problems.
Evaluation Type
Distributed evaluation with final exam
Assessment Components
designation |
Weight (%) |
Exame |
100,00 |
Total: |
100,00 |
Amount of time allocated to each course unit
designation |
Time (hours) |
Frequência das aulas |
85,00 |
Total: |
85,00 |
Eligibility for exams
Attendance of 2/3 of practical classes.
Calculation formula of final grade
Final Exam composed of a theorical test T and a practical test P
Students could make the practical and theoretical part of the evaluation in two intercalar tests during the semester.
Classification improvement
at the time of appeal