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Plant Physiology

Code: BIOL1010     Acronym: BIOL1010     Level: 100

Keywords
Classification Keyword
OFICIAL Biology

Instance: 2019/2020 - 2S Ícone do Moodle

Active? Yes
Responsible unit: Department of Biology
Course/CS Responsible: Bachelor in Biochemistry

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym No. of Students Study Plan Curricular Years Credits UCN Credits ECTS Contact hours Total Time
L:BQ 97 Official Study Plan 1 - 6 48 162
Mais informaçõesLast updated on 2020-04-24.

Fields changed: Calculation formula of final grade, Tipo de avaliação, Programa

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

Plants are essential to sustain life on earth, and a deep knowledge of their physiology is fundamental for the survival of human populations and the sustainability of our planet. The Curricular Unit (UC) Physiology of Plants aims to provide the main aspects of the characteristic physiology of higher plants, allowing their understanding and integration in the students' global knowledge about life, and enabling students to apply the knowledge acquired in different contexts. It is also an objective of this UC to provide a hands-on practical contact with some of the physiological processes covered and with the techniques used for their study.

Learning outcomes and competences

As a consequence of attending the (UC) Physiology of Plants it is expected that the students acquire and develop the following knowledge, attitudes and skills:

  • understanding of the importance of plants in the global world;
  • capacity to transmit and apply consistent knowledge about the fundamental aspects of plant physiology described in the UC program below;
  • recognition of plant physiology as a key scientific area in rapid evolution;
  • critical spirit and curiosity regarding the area of ​​plant physiology and science in general;
  • capacity to research and deepen topics directly or indirectly related to the physiology of plants;
  • capacity to interpret, interconnect and / or apply concepts of plant physiology in different contexts
  • capacity to apply a critical and ethical attitude in the analysis of biological problems and their implications for society;
  • basic communication skills in plant physiology;
  • capacity to understand and correctly execute simple experimental methodologies of plant physiology.

Working method

Presencial

Program


THEORETICAL PROGRAM
________________________


Plant condition: immobility, architecture and growth of a plant. Unifying principles of plant life. Architecture of the plant body, organs, tissues and cells. Cell wall. Plant growth, plasticity and totipotency. How to study plant physiology - functional genetics and model plants.


Requirements of the life of a plant I - water. Water, water potential and osmosis. Water and the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Transport of water in plants. Transpiration and stomata.


Requirements of the life of a plant II - mineral nutrients. Essential mineral elements - macro and micronutrients. Functions and syndromes of mineral deficiencies. Absorption and transport of nutrients in the root and the plant. Assimilation of inorganic nutrients.


Requirements of the life of a plant III - production of organic compounds. Photosynthesis - review of concepts, physiological context and photosynthesis behaviour in response to environmental hallenges. Translocation of photoassimilates through the phloem.


Development of a plant I - integration and modeling by signals. Perception and amplification of signals. Phytohormones: auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, ethylene, abcisic acid, brassinoesteroids, strigolactones and jasmonates. Signal transduction pathways. Light-dependent signaling: phytochrome and blue light receptors.


Development of a plant II - embryogenesis and germination. Embryogenesis and its regulation. Apical-basal polarity and cell differentiation in embryos. Structure of the seed. Regulation of dormancy. Germination.


Development of a plant III - vegetative growth and organogenesis. Differentiation and growth of roots, architecture of the root system,gravitropism of roots and stems. Phototropism and photomorfogenesis. Differentiation and growth of stems, arquitecture of shoots. Differentiation and growth of leaves.


Development of a plant IV - sexual reproduction. Regulation of flowering - circadian rhythms, photoperiod and florigen. Floral meristem and floral development. The ABC model. Life cycle of a plant. Gametophytes, pollination and fertilization. Fruit development.


Development of a plant V - senescence and cell death. Programmed cell death. Leaf senescence - syndrome, regulation and abscission. 


The life of a plant and the environment - biotic interactions. Plant-microorganism beneficial interactions. Plant-pathogen and plant-herbivore interactions. Defense mechanisms.


The life of a plant and the environment - abiotic stress. Physiological stress in response to different environmental factors. Acclimatization and adaptation. Stress perception and response mechanisms. Mechanisms of protection against abiotic stress.


The life of a plant and the environment - specialized metabolism. Diversity and functions of specialized plant metabolism - terpenes, phenolic compounds and nitrogen containing compounds.


 


PRACTICAL PROGRAM
_________________________


Hormonal regulation of the mobilization of stored reserves during the germination of barley seeds.



Regulation of root development in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Diversity and regulation of the opening and closure of stomata.

Hormonal regulation of leaf senescence.


Mandatory literature

Taiz Lincoln 340; Plant physiology and development. ISBN: 9781605352558

Complementary Bibliography

Buchanan Bob B. 340; Biochemistry & molecular biology of plants. ISBN: 9780470714218
Taiz Lincoln; Plant physiology. ISBN: 9780878935659
Raven Peter H.; Biology of plants. ISBN: 978-1-57259-041-0

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical classes with a component of formal lecture and a component of interactive activities teacher/student and student/student (use of peer-based learning strategies), including the guided and discussed resolution of formative questionnaires, the use of case studies, and autonomous research work under guidance. Use of explanatory/power point classes recorded in video for autonomous study.

Practical lab classes including experimental planning, execution of practical procedures, and treatment and discussion of results, and formative evaluations.

 

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation without final exam

Assessment Components

designation Weight (%)
Teste 100,00
Total: 100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

designation Time (hours)
Estudo autónomo 114,00
Frequência das aulas 48,00
Total: 162,00

Eligibility for exams

Compulsory practical classes (minimum attendance to 75% of classes).

Working students: execution of 2/3 of the practical assignments. 

This year there will be some changes in the practical contents taught in Plant Physiology. Students who have attended successfully the practical component in the previous 2 years can request exemption from the practical assignments they have already done, but should perform the novel assignments, and must always be submitted to the practical evaluation of the current year (components 4 and 5).

Calculation formula of final grade

Theoretical evaluation:

Test 1 - 7.5 %

Test 2 - 7.5 %

Test 3 - 7.5 %

Test 4 - 7.5 %

Test 5 - 35 %

Minimum score in teste 5 - 12%

 
Practical evaluation:

Tasks 1 - 3 - 5%

Task 4 - 5%

Test - 25%

Minimum score in the whole practical evaluation - 12 %

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

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Observations

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