General Genetic

Code:

B164

Acronym:

B164

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Biology

Instance: 2014/2015 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Department of Biology
Course/CS Responsible:	Bachelor in Geology

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours
L:AST	2	Plano de Estudos a partir de 2008	3	-	7,5	-
L:F	2	Plano de estudos a partir de 2008	2	-	7,5	-
L:F	2	Plano de estudos a partir de 2008	3	-	7,5	-
L:G	3	P.E - estudantes com 1ª matricula anterior a 09/10	3	-	7,5	-
L:G	3	P.E - estudantes com 1ª matricula em 09/10	3	-	7,5	-
L:M	1	Plano de estudos a partir de 2009	3	-	7,5	-
L:Q	25	Plano de estudos Oficial	3	-	7,5	-

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

Learning of the main topics of genetics including patterns of inheritance and mendelian analysis, chromosome theory of inheritance, molecular genetics, population genetics and quantitative genetics, with particular focus on the application of the genetic tools and theoretical concepts.

Learning outcomes and competences

General skills in the understanding of the different fields of genetics and their applications.

Working method

Presencial

Program

1. Introduction to the course. Main objectives. Historical revision on the main concepts and theories of heredity.

2.Cellular reproduction. Cell division: the chromosome. Mitosis. Meiosis.

3.Mendelism:Mendel's experiments; Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses. Mendel’s principles: dominant and recessive. Test cross. Reciprocal crosses.

4.Multiple alleles. Pedigrees analysis.

5.Gene interaction; changes in Mendelian ratios. Interaction between genes and alleles. Incomplete dominance, codominance. Multi-allelic systems. Pleiotropic genes; dominant and recessive epistasis. Regulatory genes. Penetrance and expressivity.

6.Linkage. Recombination. Recombination fraction and distance between genes. Linkage maps.

7. Chromosomal theory of heredity. Characteristics related to sex. Deviations from Mendel's proportions. Autosomes and sex chromosomes. Sex determination.

8.Karyotype and chromosome structure. Cytogenetics thechniques. Chromosome mutations Structural and numerical chromosome changes. Types of changes in chromosomal structure. Changes in number; aberrant euploidy; monoploids and polyploids. Aneuploidy.

9. Some techniques used in breeding. Hybrid lines; production monoploidy; amphidiploid and production of new species in plants; aloploidy hybrids by somatic hybridization.

10.Gene Mutation.. Somatic and germline mutation. Types of mutation; mutation detection; mutation rates;effects on the phenotype. Major mutagens and mechanisms of action on DNA. DNA repair mechanisms.

11.Population genetics. Genetic polymorphism and gene frequencies. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Changes in allelic frequencies: genetic drift, mutation, migration and selection. Inbreeding and assortative mating.

12. Molecular markers. Detection methods of genetic variability; types and use of molecular markers.

13.Quantitative genetics. Quantitative characters. Genotypes and phenotypic distribution. Norm of reaction. The hereditability of a trait. Quantification of hereditability. Analysis of genetic variances. Marker gene segregation and QTL's. Selection differential and selection response.

14. Genetic concepts and tools in the study of evolution. Phylogeny and molecular systematics. Population history and phylogeography.

Mandatory literature

Hartl Daniel L.; Genetics. ISBN: 9780763715113
Griffiths Anthony J. F. 070; An introduction to genetic analysis. ISBN: 0-7167-2604-1

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical classes and pratical classes for resolution of problems.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

designation	Weight (%)
Exame	60,00
Teste	40,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

designation	Time (hours)
Frequência das aulas	85,00
Total:	85,00

Eligibility for exams

Attendance of 2/3 of practical classes.

Calculation formula of final grade

Final Exam composed of a theory test (12/20) and a practical test (8/20).

Students could make the practical part of the evaluation in two intercalar tests during the semester.

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