Methods in Geological Cartography

Code:

G124

Acronym:

G124

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Geology

Instance: 2014/2015 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Plannings
Course/CS Responsible:	Bachelor in Geology

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
L:AP	19	Planos de estudos a partir 2009	2	-	5	-
L:AST	0	Plano de Estudos a partir de 2008	3	-	5	-
L:B	6	Plano de estudos a partir de 2008	3	-	5	-
L:F	0	Plano de estudos a partir de 2008	2	-	5	-
L:M	0	Plano de estudos a partir de 2009	3	-	5	-
L:Q	0	Plano de estudos Oficial	3	-	5	-

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

Preparation of students for the interpretation and use of cartographic documents.
Execution of surveys with instruments ranging from the compass, direct measuring devices, level, theodolite and GPS. Introduction to GIS.

Learning outcomes and competences

Students should be able to use various scales of maps, read and calculate various common systems of coordinates, know how to gather topographic field data from surveys and finally being able to read and implement, in a basic way, these elements into a GIS.

Working method

Presencial

Program

1. INTRODUCTION.
1.1. Cartography throughout history
1.2. The charts as cultural products of society
1.3. Religion and its influence on Cartography

2. MAPS
2.1 Types of maps
2.2 Preparation of maps and thematic maps

3. CARTOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
3.1. Shape and dimensions of the Earth. Geoid and ellipsoid and references used in thematic maps.
3.2. Systems and projection surfaces most commonly used in national mapping of rocks and soils.

4. REFERENCE SYSTEMS
4.1. Planimetric information
4.2. Polar coordinate system and rectangular coordinate (Cartesian)
4.3. UTM grid. Coordinate System UTM and Gauss
4.4. Systems used in geology and soils mapping.

5. INTERNATIONAL MAPS.
5.1. Grouping of charts 
5.2. Portuguese grids
5.3. Used coordinate systems in Portuguese soil and geological maps

6. MAPS, CHARTS AND PLANTS
6.1. Scales
6.2. Topographic maps. Relief representation
6.3. The Portuguese terrain and its relationship to geology
6.3. Magnetic declination. Declination chart. Local geomagnetic anomalous in Portugal
6.4. Measurements on the maps

7. TECHNIQUES OF SURVEYING
7.1 Introduction to surveying techniques commonly used in geology and soils mapping
7.2 Methods of direct and indirect measurement
7.3 Ribbons Tapes & Wires, the Compass, the theodolite, Level and Total Station.
7.4 Methods of planimetric and altitude measurements
7.5 Registration and control of field observations

8. GPS SYSTEMS AND THEIR USE IN SOIL MAPPING AND ROCKS

8.1. Introduction to geological mapping and soil with GPS
8.2. Structure and the GPS system signals
8.3 positioning data errors with the GPS and its influence on mapping geology and soils
8.4 Measurement methods more common in GPS mapping of soils and rocks
8.5.Utilizações DGPS in Geology

9. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
9.1. Photography as cartographic tool
9.2. Terminology and geometry of a picture and a stereoscopic model
9-3. Stereoscopic vision
9.4. Orthophotomap and their use and mapping of soils and rocks
9.5. Applied photointerpretation

10. GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS - GIS
10.1. Introduction and basic definitions
10.2. The GIS data structure.
10.3. Spatial and alphanumeric data more common in geology and soil cover. Vector and matrix representations
10.3. Components and features of a GIS.
10.4. GIS database of soils and rocks and their management
10.5. Analysis and geographic presentation systems
10.6. Integration of information via GIS
10.7. Choice of a working scale

Mandatory literature

Gonçalves José Alberto; Topografia. ISBN: 978-972-757-458-8

Complementary Bibliography

Raisz Erwin; General cartography

Teaching methods and learning activities

The lectures are taught through notes projection in Powerpoint format which is then made available to the student. Many times there is a need for explanations to be performed in conventional blackboard.
The classes are performed as classroom-based, using practical exercises which, where appropriate, consist of surveys and / or simple measurements carried out on the campus grounds of the Faculty. In the final phase of the subject, after the student has learned the very basics of GIS, there is an exercise that aims to implement some surveys carried out on imported formats (orthophotomap and previous surveys in DWG format).

Evaluation Type

Evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

designation	Weight (%)
Exame	100,00
Total:	100,00

Eligibility for exams

The student must attend the classes P / TP according to the frequency required by the regulations.

Calculation formula of final grade

Score/grade calculated based on the results obtained in the final exam which has a theoretical and practical nature.