Occurrence of Chiral Bioactive Compounds in the Aquatic Environment: A Review

• Type: Article in International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2017

Authors

Cláudia Ribeiro (Author) Other; Ana Rita Ribeiro (Author) FEUP; Alexandra S. Maia (Author) Other; Maria Elizabeth Tiritan (Author) FFUP

Journal

Title: Symmetry

Vol. 9 No. 10

Pages: 1-33

ISSN: 2073-8994

Publisher: MDPI

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 21 Citations

Scopus - 26 Citations

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-00N-47S

DOI: 10.3390/sym9100215

Abstract (EN): In recent decades, the presence of micropollutants in the environment has been extensively studied due to their high frequency of occurrence, persistence and possible adverse effects to exposed organisms. Concerning chiral micropollutants in the environment, enantiomers are frequently ignored and enantiomeric composition often neglected. However, enantioselective toxicity is well recognized, highlighting the need to include enantioselectivity in environmental risk assessment. Additionally, the information about enantiomeric fraction (EF) is crucial since it gives insights about: (i) environmental fate (i.e., occurrence, distribution, removal processes and (bio)degradation); (ii) illicit discharges; (iii) consumption pattern (e.g., illicit drugs, pharmaceuticals used as recreational drugs, illicit use of pesticides); and (iv) enantioselective toxicological effects. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review about the enantioselective occurrence of chiral bioactive compounds in aquatic environmental matrices. These include pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic musks (PCMs). Most frequently analytical methods used for separation of enantiomers were liquid chromatography and gas chromatography methodologies using both indirect (enantiomerically pure derivatizing reagents) and direct methods (chiral stationary phases). The occurrence of these chiral micropollutants in the environment is reviewed and future challenges are outlined.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 33