Misalignment-Resilient Propagation Model for Underwater Optical Wireless Links

• Tipo: Artigo em Revista Científica Internacional
• Data: 2023

Autores

Araujo, JH (Autor) Outra; Tavares, JS (Autor) FEUP; Marques, VM (Autor) Outra; H. M. Salgado (Autor) FEUP; L. M. Pessoa (Autor) FEUP

Revista

Título: Sensors

Vol. 23

Página Final: 359

ISSN: 1424-3210

Editora: MDPI

Indexação

ISI Web of Knowledge - 0 Citações

Scopus

Outras Informações

ID Authenticus: P-00X-P4K

DOI: 10.3390/s23010359

Abstract (EN): This paper proposes a multiple-lens receiver scheme to increase the misalignment tolerance of an underwater optical wireless communications link between an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) and a sensor plane. An accurate model of photon propagation based on the Monte Carlo simulation is presented which accounts for the lens(es) photon refraction at the sensor interface and angular misalignment between the emitter and receiver. The results show that the ideal divergence of the beam of the emitter is around 15 degrees for a 1 m transmission length, increasing to 22 degrees for a shorter distance of 0.5 m but being independent of the water turbidity. In addition, it is concluded that a seven-lense scheme is approximately three times more tolerant to offset than a single lens. A random forest machine learning algorithm is also assessed for its suitability to estimate the offset and angle of the AUV in relation to the fixed sensor, based on the power distribution of each lens, in real time. The algorithm is able to estimate the offset and angular misalignment with a mean square error of 5 mm (6 mm) and 0.157 rad (0.174 rad) for a distance between the transmitter and receiver of 1 m and 0.5 m, respectively.

Idioma: Inglês

Tipo (Avaliação Docente): Científica

Nº de páginas: 20