Respiratory Care for the Ventilated Neonate

• Tipo: Artigo em Revista Científica Internacional
• Data: 2018

Autores

Rocha, G (Autor) Outra; Soares, P (Autor) Outra; Goncalves, A (Autor) Outra; Silva, AI (Autor) Outra; Almeida, D (Autor) Outra; Figueiredo, S (Autor) Outra; Pissarra, S (Autor) Outra; Costa, S (Autor) FMUP; Henrique Soares (Autor) FMUP; Filipa Flor-de-Lima (Autor) FMUP; Guimarães H (Autor) FMUP

Revista

Título: Canadian Respiratory Journal

Vol. 2018

Páginas: 1-12

ISSN: 1198-2241

Editora: Hindawi

Indexação

ISI Web of Knowledge - 27 Citações

Scopus - 37 Citações

Outras Informações

ID Authenticus: P-00P-HJM

DOI: 10.1155/2018/7472964

Abstract (EN): Invasive ventilation is often necessary for the treatment of newborn infants with respiratory insufficiency. The neonatal patient has unique physiological characteristics such as small airway caliber, few collateral airways, compliant chest wall, poor airway stability, and low functional residual capacity. Pathologies affecting the newborn's lung are also different from many others observed later in life. Several different ventilation modes and strategies are available to optimize mechanical ventilation and to prevent ventilator-induced lung injury. Important aspects to be considered in ventilating neonates include the use of correct sized endotracheal tube to minimize airway resistance and work of breathing, positioning of the patient, the nursing care, respiratory kinesiotherapy, sedation and analgesia, and infection prevention, namely, the ventilator-associated pneumonia and nosocomial infection, as well as prevention and treatment of complications such as air leaks and pulmonary hemorrhage. Aspects of ventilation in patients under ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) and in palliative care are of increasing interest nowadays. Online pulmonary mechanics and function testing as well as capnography are becoming more commonly used. Echocardiography is now a routine in most neonatal units. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an attractive tool potentially helping in preventing intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia. Lung ultrasound is an emerging tool of diagnosis and can be of added value in helping monitoring the ventilated neonate. The aim of this scientific literature review is to address relevant aspects concerning the respiratory care and monitoring of the invasively ventilated newborn in order to help physicians to optimize the efficacy of care.

Idioma: Inglês

Tipo (Avaliação Docente): Científica

Nº de páginas: 12