History of Roman and Portuguese Law

Code:

D101

Acronym:

HDPR

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	History

Instance: 2004/2005 - A

Active?	Yes
Course/CS Responsible:	Law

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
D	234	Official Study Plan - LD	1	-	13	-

Objectives

The core goal of the subject is to provide students with a basic legal culture, essential to the training of a lawyer. It is therefore designed to:
1.Make them aware of the invaluable contribution of Roman Law, with respect both to the development of a legal mentality on the part of students, and for its importance to the origins and characterisation of the Portuguese legal system.
2.Give them the principal framework of the sources and institutions of Portuguese Law, from its earliest forming to the present day, alongside the major lines developed by Portuguese legal science in the light of streams of foreign thought.

Program

ROMAN LAW

1. Social Norms:
1.1. Concept.
1.2. Need.
1.3. Typology.

2. Legal Norms:
2.1. Concept.
2.2. Specificity.

3. Roman Law (Ius Romanum):
3.1. Concept.
3.2. Sense: restricted, broad, broadest.
3.3. Need for study.

4. Legal-Technical Language:
4.1. Origin.
4.2. Some examples.

5. Real Notion of IUS:
5.1. Objective.
5.2. Normative.
5.3. Subjective.
5.4. Place (court).
5.5. Legal knowledge.
5.6. Patrimonial.
5.7. Legal fragment.

6. The Corpus Iuris Civilis:
6.1. Elaboration.
6.2. Notion.
6.3. Structure.

7. Periods in Roman Law:
7.1. Need.
7.2. Criteria.
7.3. Criterion adopted (internal legal criterion).

8. The Archaic Epoch:
8.1. Temporal localisation (753 to 130 B.C.).
8.2. Characteristics.
8.3. Stages.
8.4. The process of legis actiones.
8.5. Iurisprudentia.
8.6. Some laws (leges).
8.7. Legal affairs.

9. The Classical Epoch:
9.1. Temporal localisation (130 B.C. to 230).
9.2. Characteristics.
9.3. Stages.
9.4. The process of agere per formulas.
9.5. Iurisprudentia.

10. The Post-classical Epoch:
10.1. Temporal localisation (230 to 530).
10.2. Characteristics.
10.3. Stages.
10.4. The process of cognitio oficial.
10.5. Iurisprudentia.

11. The Justinian Epoch:
11.1. Temporal localisation (530 to 565).
11.2. Characteristics: classicism and hellenisation.
11.3. Greatest contribution: making of the Corpus Iuris Civilis.

12. Ius (Law) and Auctoritas (Authority):
12.1. Relation.
12.2. Aristocratic, political, bureaucratic and academic auctoritas.

13. Magistratures:
13.1. Notion of magistrature.
13.2. Ordinary and extraordinary.
13.3. The cursus honorum.
13.4. Powers of magistrates: potestas, imperium, iurisdictio.
13.5. Limitations of the imperium: temporality, plurality, collegialism, provocatio ad populum.

14. The Praetor:
14.1. Etymological meaning.
14.2. Praetor urbanus and praetor peregrinus.
14.3. Praetor (urbanus) functions.

15. The Roman Tradition:
15.1. Notion.
15.2. Manifestations.

16. "Sources" of Ius Romanum:
16.1. The “source” of law metaphor.
16.2. Typology.

17. Custom:
17.1. Mores maiorum.
17.2. Usus.
17.3. Consuetudo.

18. The Law of the Twelve Tables:
18.1. The leges regiae.
18.2. Probable date.
18.3. Knowledge: oral transmission of 1/3, in verse.
18.4. Analysis of Table III.

19. Lex (law):
19.1. Etymological notion.
19.2. Real notion.
19.3. Typology: lex publica and lex privata.
19.4. Plebiscites.
19.5. Lex rogata.

20. Senatusconsultum (senatusconsult):
20.1. Etymological notion.
20.2. Acquisition of legislative force.
20.3. Structure.
20.4. Designation.
20.5. Examples.

21. Senat. Tertullianum:
21.1. Introductory remarks.
21.2. Testamentary succession and hereditary succession (legitime inheritance).
21.3. Changes brought by the senat. Tertullianum.

22. Senat. Velleianum:
22.1. Content.
22.2. Official (textual) ratio and true ratio.
22.3. Effects.
22.4. Exceptions.
22.5. Intercessio. Concept. Kinds.
22.6. Personal guarantees (particularly the adpromissio).
22.7. Real guarantees.

23. Senat. Macedonianum:
23.1. Content.
23.2. Ratio legis.
23.3. Public nature.
23.4. Effects. Obligatio naturalis.
23.5. Persons protected.
23.6. The deceit of the senat. Macedonianum.

24. Constitutiones Principum (imperial constitutions):
24.1. Notion.
24.2. Structure.
24.3. Typology.
24.4. Spatial application.

25. Iurisprudentia:
25.1. Kinds of knowledge.
25.2. Knowledge of iurisprudentia: prudentia and ars.
25.3. Analysis of D.1,1,10,2.
25.4. The laicisation of iurisprudentia.
25.5. Functions.
25.6. Legal consecration. Phases.

26. The Ius Praetorium:
26.1. Functions.
26.2. The ius honorarium and the ius praetorium.
26.3. Expedients of the praetor based on the imperium (stipulatio praetoria; restitutio in integrum; missio in possessionem; interdictum).
26.4. Expedients of the praetor based on the iurisdictio (denegatio actionis; exceptio; acti

Main Bibliography

CRUZ, Sebastião - Direito Romano, Coimbra, 1984.

JUSTO, A. Santos - Fases do Desenvolvimento do Direito Romano, Separata, Coimbra, 1997.

JUSTO, A. Santos - As Acções do Pretor, ("Actiones Praetoriae"), Separata, Coimbra, 1997.

COSTA, Mário Júlio de Almeida – História do Direito Português, 3rd ed., Coimbra, Almedina, reprint in 2005.
CRUZ, Sebastião - Direito Romano, Coimbra, 1984.

JUSTO, A. Santos - Fases do Desenvolvimento do Direito Romano, Separata, Coimbra, 1997.

JUSTO, A. Santos - As Acções do Pretor, ("Actiones Praetoriae"), Separata, Coimbra, 1997.

COSTA, Mário Júlio de Almeida – História do Direito Português, 3rd ed., Coimbra, Almedina, reprint in 2005.

Teaching methods and learning activities

The combination of theorical and practical classes permits a valuable interchange between theoretical and practical knowledge, and is thus an important part of the learning process, giving the student the chance to experience and ponder in a more considered and thorough way the knowledge that has already been imparted to him/her.

Evaluation Type

Eligibility for exams

Not considered.

Calculation formula of final grade

Obtained as a result of the rules enforced in FDUP.

Examinations or Special Assignments

Are not considered.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Rules enforced in FDUP.

Classification improvement

Obtained as a result of the rules enforced in FDUP.