Thermodynamics of Industrial Processes

Code:

Q326

Acronym:

Q326

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Chemistry

Instance: 2011/2012 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Course/CS Responsible:	Bachelor in Physics

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
L:AST	1	Plano de Estudos a partir de 2008	3	-	5	-
L:B	0	Plano de estudos a partir de 2008	3	-	5	-
L:CC	0	Plano de estudos de 2008 até 2013/14	3	-	5	-
L:F	0	Plano de estudos a partir de 2008	3	-	5	-
L:G	0	P.E - estudantes com 1ª matricula anterior a 09/10	3	-	5	-
		P.E - estudantes com 1ª matricula em 09/10	3	-	5	-
L:M	1	Plano de estudos a partir de 2009	3	-	5	-
L:Q	11	Plano de estudos Oficial	3	-	5	-

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

Students will be able to solve several engineering process-relating problems, mainly those related with material and energy balances in chemical industry..

Program

I-Units and process variables
1. Units frequently used in the chemical industry. Conversion into SI units.
2. Dimensional homogeneity and dimensionless quantities.
3. Process variables.
3.1 Flow rate: units and measurent - flowmeters.
3.2 Fluid pressure: nits and measurent - manometers.
3.3 Temperature: units and measurement - termometers.

II - Material balances
1. Fundamentals
1.1 Process classification.
1.2 The general balance equation.
2. Single-phase systems.
2.1 The density of condensed phases; estimation and calculation methods. Tables of density for some liquid mixtures.
2.2 PVT equations for ideal gases and mixtures. Standard conditions.
2.3 PVT equations for real gases; The virial equation of state; cubic equations of state; compressibility factor; the law of corresponding states.
3.Multiphase systems.
3.1 Phase diagrams for pure substances; vapor pressure equations for pure substances.
3.2 Gas-liquid systems with one condensable component. Saturated gas and superheated vapor; composition of a saturated gas-liquid system; Absolute saturation and relative saturation; material balances around a condenser.
3.3 Phase diagrams for gas-liquid systems; Ruoult and Henry Laws.
3.4 Phase diagrams for solid-liquid systems; colligative solution properties.
3.5 Phase diagrams for liquid-liquid systems; miscibility and distribution coefficients; phase diagrams for ternary liquid systems.

III – Energy balances
1 Fundamentals
1.1 Forms of energy; the first law of thermodynamics.
1.2 Energy balances in closed systems;
1.3 Energy balances in open systems in stationary state.
1.4 Thermodynamic properties of saturated and superheated vapor; Steam tables and vapor pressure diagrams.
1.5 Energy balance procedures.
1.6 Simultaneous material and energy balances.
2. Balances on nonreactive processes .
2.1 State properties and changes in pressure; state properties and change in temperature; calculation or estimation of heat capacity
2.2 Energy balances on single phase systems.
2.3 Phase change operations; determination or estimation of enthalpies of vaporization and of sublimation; Psychrometric charts.
2.4 Mixing and solution.
3.Energy Balances in Reactive Processes
3.1 Fuels and Combustions Reactions.
3.2 Other Reactive Processes.

IV - Case studies

Mandatory literature

Richard Felder, Ronald Rousseau; 'Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes', John Wiley & Sons, USA, 2000
000059908. ISBN: 0-471-53478-1

Complementary Bibliography

Olaf A. Hougen, Kenneth M. Watson, Roland A. Ragatz; 'Princípios dos Processos Químicos, I Parte – Balanços Materais e Energéticos', Lopes da Silva Editora, Porto , 1984

Teaching methods and learning activities

New concepts will be presented with examples of practical applications. Students will participate in the interpretation of these examples and in solving several practical problems.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Description	Type	Time (hours)	Weight (%)	End date
Attendance (estimated)	Participação presencial	56,00
	Total:	-	0,00

Eligibility for exams

The students must attend, at least, 75% of the TP lectures.

Calculation formula of final grade

1- Continuous evaluation
a) Performance of the students during the lectures, including number of attended lectures: A
b) Two tests T1 and T2.
Minimum classification of each test: 7

2- Exam: The exam has two parts E1 and E2 with similar subject contents as E1 and E2

3- Final classification: FC

Students with A>9.5:
FC = 0.5xA + 0.25xT1 (or 0.25xE1) + 0.25xT2 (or 0.25xE2)

Students with A<9.5:
FC = 0.5xT1 (or 0.5xE1) + 0.5xT2 (or 0.5xE2)

Examinations or Special Assignments

Rules of faculty will be applied to the special cases

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Rules of FCUP will be applied.

Classification improvement

The students may repeat the two or one of the tests in exam. In this case the best classification will be consider.

Observations

English speaking students will have no problem in following this course. Bibliography is all in english as well as the power point presentations.