| Summary: |
20th Century built heritage is characterized by a diversity of architectural styles spanning from Art Nouveau and
Art Deco to Modernism. Despite maintenance/rehabilitation actions, there is great need for intervention in various
buildings of this era, especially regarding their coating systems. The early 20th Century was a time of change in
construction practice, fostered mainly by changes in binders, from air lime to the use of cement, distinct from current
cement.
The lack of specific details of the mortars used in these buildings, makes it essential to know the characteristics of
these elements, their composition and the properties of the binder used. This study will make it possible to identify
changes in the use of materials and their production process, extending scientific knowledge and creating foundations
for new mortar formulations. It will generate relevant data on coatings of an era of which there is scarce knowledge
and which needs urgent rehabilitation interventions. This will allow for deeper understanding of new and old materials,
leading to the development of mortars for rehabilitation of these buildings, assuring compatibility and sustainability. It
will be studied the incorporation of waste (glass, ceramic) in dry premixed mortars producing a new range of chemical,
physical and mechanical results.
The team members have vast experience in terms of characterization of ancient mortars, development of mortars for
conservation and use of waste materials. This experience is evidenced by master's theses, doctoral dissertations,
international papers and projects. Having worked together in several projects, the group produced high quality
publications and knowledge on the subject of conservation. The participant institutions, join the architecture with
FAUP, the advanced materials knowledge by the UA and the high experience in conservation works by the LNEC.
These entities complement each other in equipment for high quality analysis an  |
Summary
20th Century built heritage is characterized by a diversity of architectural styles spanning from Art Nouveau and
Art Deco to Modernism. Despite maintenance/rehabilitation actions, there is great need for intervention in various
buildings of this era, especially regarding their coating systems. The early 20th Century was a time of change in
construction practice, fostered mainly by changes in binders, from air lime to the use of cement, distinct from current
cement.
The lack of specific details of the mortars used in these buildings, makes it essential to know the characteristics of
these elements, their composition and the properties of the binder used. This study will make it possible to identify
changes in the use of materials and their production process, extending scientific knowledge and creating foundations
for new mortar formulations. It will generate relevant data on coatings of an era of which there is scarce knowledge
and which needs urgent rehabilitation interventions. This will allow for deeper understanding of new and old materials,
leading to the development of mortars for rehabilitation of these buildings, assuring compatibility and sustainability. It
will be studied the incorporation of waste (glass, ceramic) in dry premixed mortars producing a new range of chemical,
physical and mechanical results.
The team members have vast experience in terms of characterization of ancient mortars, development of mortars for
conservation and use of waste materials. This experience is evidenced by master's theses, doctoral dissertations,
international papers and projects. Having worked together in several projects, the group produced high quality
publications and knowledge on the subject of conservation. The participant institutions, join the architecture with
FAUP, the advanced materials knowledge by the UA and the high experience in conservation works by the LNEC.
These entities complement each other in equipment for high quality analysis and characterization of materials and in
technical, scientific, historical and artistic knowledge.
The project comprises both the analysis of samples of original mortars and the development of compatible mortars.
The characterization of the original coatings will result in the knowledge of their mechanical, physical and chemical
properties, determining the variation of the characteristics of mortars from the early twentieth century and their
historical context. The development of compatible mortars will be based on residues and/or natural cement. These
coatings will be applied in situ and monitored.
The innovative formulations will be used for industrial pre-mixtures mortars for use in the conservation of early /
mid-20th century buildings. |