General Physiology

Code:

MT128

Acronym:

F_GERA

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Medicine

Instance: 2004/2005 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Imuno-Physiology and Pharmacology
Course/CS Responsible:	Medicine

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MED	163	Plano oficial a partir de 2003	1	3		-

Objectives

To study the normal function of biological systems in mammals with emphasis on the homeosthatic mechanisms

Program

PRESENTATION: General and specific objectives. Contents. General organization. Teaching and learning methods. Evaluation.
BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT: Specific transport systems and cellular function. Important gradients in Physiology. The lipid pathway. Permeability. Pumps, translocators and transmembranar hydrophilic channels. Origin of membrane potential. Methods to study ion transport. Functional integration of biological transport at cell, tissue and organ level.
BIOENERGETICS AND CELL METABOLISM: Introduction. Homeostasis. Glucid metabolism and ATP synthesis. Survey of carbohydrates, lipid and protein metabolism. Metabolic role of liver. Energetic balance and metabolic rate.
ENDOCRINE FUNCTION: Definition, chemical nature, sinthesis and hormone transport. Action at cellular level: receptors and 2nd messengers. The hypothalamus. Endocrine function of the Hypophysis, Pancreas, Thyroid Adrenal Steroid Hormones and gonads. Calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Bone Physiology. Modelling and remodelling and their control: parathormone, calcitonine, VIT D and its metabolites.
CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION: The cardiac muscle: characteristics and electrophysioloy. The cardiac cycle. Cardiac output and venous return. .Hemodynamics. Flow, pressure and resistance control throughout the vascular system. Arterial pressure and circulation. The regulation of blood pressure . Microcirculation.
RESPIRATORY FUNCTION. Mechanics of ventilation. Physical principles of gas exchanges. Gas exchange in the lungs. Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. Gas exchanges in the tissue. Respiratory volumes. Respiratory control.
RENAL FUNCTION Body compartments. Organization of the urinary system.
Structure and function of the kidneys. Glomerular filtration and renal blood flow.
Glomerular and tubular functions and their control. Regulation of body osmolarity. Urine concentration and dilution. Balance of water, sodium, potassium, urea and protons. Blood and extracellular volume regulation: the roles of the kidney and the thirst mechanism.
ACID-BASE BALANCE: Effect of pH on some physiological processes . Balance and distribution of protons ant its regulation. Buffer mechanisms: chemical and physiological. The role of buffersd, kidney and lung in the regulation of proton balance. Disturbances of acid-base balance: respiratory and metabolic acidosis and alkalosis.


Practicals
Numerical simulations
•Introduction to “The Mac series of medical and physiological simulations".
.Numerical simulation of a single celll
•Acid-base regulation : a mathematical model.
•Cardiovascular function: .

Laboratory
•Transepithelium Ion transport: effect of transport inhibitors.
•Determination of Metabolic rate in the rat
•Action of insulin and adrenaline in glicemia
•Measurement of glomerular filtration rate in the rabbit
•Measurement of pulse and repiratory rate

Discussion sessions
•Results and reportts: discussion
•Respiratory function: critical analysis

Main Bibliography

Guyton AC- Textbook of Medical Physiology, 10th edition, 2000, Saunders.
Boron, W, Boulpaep, EL. Textbook of Medical Physiology. Última edição.
W. Ganong. Review of Medical Physiology Appleton & Lange, 19th Edition, 1999
Sherwood, L, 2003. Human Physiology From Cells to Systems . WHS. Última ed.
Vander, Sherman, Luciano's, 2003. Human Physiology: The Mechanisms of Body Function. Última ed.

Complementary Bibliography

W. Ganong. Review of Medical Physiology Appleton & Lange, 19th Edition, 1999
Sherwood, L, 2003. Human Physiology From Cells to Systems . WHS. Última ed.
Vander, Sherman, Luciano's, 2003. Human Physiology: The Mechanisms of Body Function. Última ed.

Teaching methods and learning activities

Traditional lectures; practical work (small groups); mathematical models to simulate several physiological situations; tutorials (small groups).

Software

Berkeley Madonna, (cedido por Robert Macey) Mac series programs

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Eligibility for exams

Attending 2/3 of practical classes is necessary (University law)

Calculation formula of final grade

The final score is the sum of pactical score plus theorical score.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

According University law