Surveillance of adenoviruses and noroviruses in European recreational waters

• Tipo: Artigo em Revista Científica Internacional
• Data: 2011

Autores

Peter P Wyn Jones (Autor) Outra; Annalaura Carducci (Autor) Outra; Nigel Cook (Autor) Outra; Martin D'Agostino (Autor) Outra; Maurizio Divizia (Autor) Outra; Jens Fleischer (Autor) Outra; Christophe Gantzer (Autor) Outra; Andrew Gawler (Autor) Outra; Rosina Girones (Autor) Outra; Christiane Hoeller (Autor) Outra; Ana Maria de Roda Husman (Autor) Outra; David Kay (Autor) Outra; Iwona Kozyra (Autor) Outra; Juan Lopez Pila (Autor) Outra; Michele Muscillo (Autor) Outra; Maria S Sao Jose Nascimento (Autor) FFUP; George Papageorgiou (Autor) Outra; Saskia Rutjes (Autor) Outra; Jane Sellwood (Autor) Outra; Regine Szewzyk (Autor) Outra; Mark Wyer (Autor) Outra

Revista

Título: Water Research

Vol. 45

Páginas: 1025-1038

ISSN: 0043-1354

Editora: Elsevier

Indexação

ISI Web of Knowledge - 165 Citações

Scopus - 80 Citações

Classificação Científica

FOS: Ciências da engenharia e tecnologias > Engenharia do ambiente

Outras Informações

ID Authenticus: P-002-ZPE

DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2010.10.015

Abstract (EN): Exposure to human pathogenic viruses in recreational waters has been shown to cause disease outbreaks. In the context of Article 14 of the revised European Bathing Waters Directive 2006/7/EC (rBWD, CEU, 2006) a Europe-wide surveillance study was carried out to determine the frequency of occurrence of two human enteric viruses in recreational waters. Adenoviruses were selected based on their near-universal shedding and environmental survival, and noroviruses (NoV) selected as being the most prevalent gastroenteritis agent worldwide. Concentration of marine and freshwater samples was done by adsorption/elution followed by molecular detection by (RT)-PCR. Out of 1410 samples, 553 (39.2%) were positive for one or more of the target viruses. Adenoviruses, detected in 36.4% of samples, were more prevalent than noroviruses (9.4%), with 3.5% GI and 6.2% GII, some samples being positive for both GI and GII. Of 513 human adenovirus-positive samples, 63 (12.3%) were also norovirus-positive, whereas 69 (7.7%) norovirus-positive samples were adenovirus-negative. More freshwater samples than marine water samples were virus-positive. Out of a small selection of samples tested for adenovirus infectivity, approximately one-quarter were positive. Sixty percent of 132 nested-PCR adenovirus-positive samples analysed by quantitative PCR gave a mean value of over 3000 genome copies per L of water. The simultaneous detection of infectious adenovirus and of adenovirus and NoV by (RT)PCR suggests that the presence of infectious viruses in recreational waters may constitute a public health risk upon exposure. These studies support the case for considering adenoviruses as an indicator of bathing water quality.

Idioma: Inglês

Tipo (Avaliação Docente): Científica

Nº de páginas: 14