Epidemiology and Biostatistics I

Code:

MD1104

Acronym:

EB I

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Physical Sciences

Instance: 2008/2009 - 1S

Active?	Yes
Course/CS Responsible:	Integrated Master in Dental Medicine

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MIMD	103	PLANO OFICIAL 2007/2008 BOLONHA	1	-	5	72	135

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

The transmission of the concepts and the principles that preside over to the scientific spirit is the first one of the priorities, the one that will follow the motivation for the scientific production. For such, the discipline must to enable the learning about: the bibliographical research (methodologies and sources), the implementation of inquiry drawings (statistical integration of purposes and methods), the interpretation of results on the basis of the mathematical calculation and the spreading of the same ones. Finally, to stimulate the multidiscipline scientific work and in the attainment of abilities of bigger transversality.

Program

INFORMATIC APPLICATIONS

1. Informatic applications
1.1. Statistic analysis in graphical calculator
1.2. Statistic analysis in Excel
1.3. Statistics analysis in SPSS

MAIN BIBLIOGRAPHY [1] Sebenta - “Statistical Treatment of Information”

II. THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION

1. Introduction
2. Preparatory phase to elaborate a scientific work
3. Elaboration of a scientific work.
4. The structure of the scientific article
5. Elaboration of cientific reports
5.1. Technician-scientific
5.2. Activities

MAIN BIBLIOGRAPHY [2] Madeira, A. C. e Abreu, M. M., 2004. Comunicar em Ciência – Como redigir e apresentar trabalhos científicos. Escolar Editora, Lisboa.

III. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTH

1. Basic concepts and principles
1.1. The aims of the Epidemiology
1.2. Demography
1.3. 1.3. Disease
1.4. The origin of the illnesses. Natural history of the illnesses.
1.5. Illnesses
1.5.1. Infectious
1.5.2. Chronic illness
1.6. Signals and symptoms

2. Levels of prevention for the illness – Tracings
3. Measuring illness
3.1. Qualitative methods
3.2. Quantitative methods (Rates)
3.2.1. Rates of morbility
3.2.2. Rates of mortality
3.2.3. Standardisation of rates

4. Epidemiologia of the infectious illnesses.
4.1. Infeccious agents
4.2. Transmission´s processes
4.3. Chain of infection
4.4. Outbreaks epidemics and epidemics.

5. Epidemiology of the chronic illnesses.

6. Epidemiological studies

6.1. Observational
6.2. Experimental

7. Risk Indicators

8. Errors

8.1. Random
8.2. Systematic
8.3. Confounding variable

9. Ambiental and Occupational Epidemiology



MAIN BIBLIOGRAPHY [3] Jekel, J. F. and Katz, D. L. and Elmore J. G., 2005. Epdemiologia, Bioestatística e Medicina Preventiva, 2ª ed. Tradução Jair Ferreira. Artmed, Porto Alegre.
[4] Stone, D.B. and Armstrong, R. W. and Macrina, D.M. and Pankau, J.W. Introdução à Epidemiologia. Trad. Henrique de Barros. McGraw-Hill, Portugal.
[5] Beglehole, R. and Bonita, R. and Kjellström, T. Epidemiologia Básica. Trad. portuguesa. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Lisboa, Portugal.

ACCESSORY BIBLIOGRAPHY [6] Mausner and Bahn, 1999. Introdução à Epidemiologia. Trad. Portuguesa. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa.
[7] Last, J.M., 1995. Um Dicionário de Epidemiologia. Trad. Portuguesa, 2ª Ed. Departamento de Estudos e Planeamento da Saúde, Lisboa.

IV. BIOESTATISTICS

1. Introduction to the Biostatistics

2. Descriptive statistics


3. Variables
3.1. Discrete: Function of probability, Function of Distribution (of probabilities and not frequencies) - (function of accumulated probabilities).
3.2. Continuous: Probability density function, Function of Distribution.
3.3. Concise study about distributions of probabilitie´s parameters.

4. Characterization of univariate theoretical distributions of probability

4.1. Discrete
4.1.1. Binomial distribution
4.1.2. Distribution of Poisson

4.2. Continuous
4.2.1. Uniform Distribution
4.2.2. Normal Distribution
4.2.3. Distribution of X2
4.2.4. T-Student Distribution
4.2.5. F Snedecor Distribution
4.2.6. Standard Normal Distribution Z

4.3. Transformation Z

5. Sampling

6. Prompt estimating for means

7. Confidence Interval for means and proportions

8. Hypothesis Testing

10. Tests for one sample

MAIN BIBLIOGRAPHY [11] DANIEL, W.W., 2005. Biostatistics: A Foundation for Analysis in the Health Sciences, 8th Ed., John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
[6] Jekel, J. F., Katz, D. L. and Elmore J. G., 2005. Epdemiologia, Bioestatística e Medicina Preventiva, 2ª ed. Tradução Jair Ferreira. Artmed, Porto Alegre.


ACCESSORY BIBLIOGRAPHY [12] Dawson, B. and Trapp, R.G., 2001. Bioestatística: básica e clínica; Coelho, T., Carvalho, S. B., (Ed(s)), 3ª ed. Mc Graw - Hill, Rio de Janeiro.

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical and theoretician-practical lessons - Two weekly hours.
Practical lessons - Two weekly hours.
Times of study and work of inquiry - Three weekly hours and half.
Theoretical and theoretician-practical lessons - Two weekly hours.
Practical lessons - Two weekly hours.
Times of study and work of inquiry - Three weekly hours and half.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Eligibility for exams

The evaluation system will be materialise by the method of procedural, discontinous and selective evaluation understood at four moments. The first one is formative, materialise by individual evaluation and purpose suggestions (P1) for the Report of Statistical Análisys (RAE), which everyone has to submit individually at the end of the semester (P2). A test (T1) with duration of two hours at specific time is followed, where the considered aims at the beginning of the period of learning period will be evaluated. The approval becomes to depend on minimum of 7 values to any component: practical or theoretical.

Moments of evaluation

1º Moment of evaluation - Practical (P1). Interview and brief quarrel about preliminary results in the RAE (quotation 15%);

2º Moment of evaluation - Practical (P2). Delivery of the RAE (quotation 30%);

3º Test (T1) of 2 hours to carry through in the period of evaluations (quotation 45%);

4º Assiduity (proportional quotation to the number of presences beyond the obligator minimum until the maximum o of 2 values).

Final Examination

The learning without the previous approval will be submitted the final examination, if they haven´t more than 25% of lacks in relation to the given lessons.This method of evaluation is composed for a theoretical examination (15 values) and for a practical examination (5 values) -Practical component of the evaluation (individually work).

Report of Statistical Análisys (RAE)

It consists of the accomplishment of a based analytical report in a database where it intends to reach three aims with different gradients of complexity. In the first one, it is intended, taking the graphical and tabular representations, that the learning is capable of an individual analysis aboyt the variables in study (7 values). In second place, it is intended to evaluate the capacity to compare variables and to inquire relationships (8 values). Finally, it is desired that the pupils formulate elucidative hypotheses of the results previously and consider new studies (5 values).

Regimen of lacks

All the lessons are included in the regimen of lacks. For frequency effect, they will only be admitted, in the end of the semester, the pupils who has no more than 1/4 of lacks in relation to the total number of given lessons.

Calculation formula of final grade

Formula of procedural, discontinous and selective evaluation:

Final evaluation = 0,45*T1 + 0,15*P1 + 0,3*P2+0,1*Coeficiente of assiduity

Formula of evaluation in Final Examination:

Final evaluation = Examination Resource

Examinations or Special Assignments

It consists of the accomplishment of a based analytical report in a database where it intends to reach three aims with different gradients of complexity. In the first one, it is intended, taking the graphical and tabular representations, that the learning is capable of an individual analysis aboyt the variables in study (7 values). In second place, it is intended to evaluate the capacity to compare variables and to inquire relationships (8 values). Finally, it is desired that the pupils formulate elucidative hypotheses of the results previously and consider new studies (5 values).

Classification improvement

Formula of improvement in Examination:

Final evaluation = Evaluation in the Examination